ROM
The landmarks are placed on these points when measuring cervical flexion and extension using a goniometer
Axis: external auditory meatus
Moving Arm: base of nares
Stationary Arm: perpendicular to the ground
these vertebrae make up the joint that is responsible for upper cervical rotation
what are C1 and C2, atlas and axis
these are provocative tests to use when a pt is suspected to have thoracic outlet syndrome (3)
what are the Roos, Adson's, and Wright's tests?
this ligament is responsible for limiting extension of the spine
what is the anterior longitudinal ligament?
this type of posture can cause compression of the TMJ and can lead to TMJ dysfunction
what is forward head posture?
Normal values for cervical rotation when using a goniometer are equal to this many degrees
60
these vertebrae have the largest vertebral bodies
what are the lumbar vertebrae?
a patient with radicular symptoms with have these positive tests. one recreates pain and one relieves it.
What is the Spurling and distraction test?
this ligament limits flexion and rotation of the spine and connects to the spinous processes
what is the interspinous ligament?
this posture is common in people with osteoporosis
thoracolumbar lateral flexion has a normal range of this many degrees
35
the spinous processes of these vertebrae are characterized by their long, slender appearance
what are the thoracic vertebrae?
a patient that presents with forward head will most likely fail this muscle endurance test.
what is the neck flexor endurance test?
this ligament is responsible for attaching the dens of axis to the occipital condyles
this is a condition in which extension exercises are contraindicated and is an anterior slippage of a vertebrae
what is spondylolisthesis?
When using two inclinometers, thoracolumbar extension normal is this many degrees
due to the orientation of the facets on them, these vertebrae limit spinal rotation
this is a provocative test performed in sitting and requires the pt's hands to be behind their head with overpressure
what is the slump test?
this ligament is responsible for holding the dens in atlas
what is the cruciform ligament?
this posture is often adapted by pregnant women due to the change in COG
what is an increase lordosis?
C7 and S1
a surgical removal of this part of a vertebral body is done to resolve spinal cord compression
what is the lamina?
the presence of this reflex is indicative of an UML and requires the examiner to flick the patient's III phalanx
what is Hoffman's Sign?
this ligament is responsible for limiting the motion of nutation
what is the sacrospinous ligament
this condition often presents in children and will interfere with the ATNR
what is torticollis?