Atoms
Occupies space and has mass.
Matter.
Movement of electrons from one element to another; important in creating ionic bonds.
Electron transfer.
Molecule that consists only of carbon and hydrogen.
Hydrocarbon.
One of 118 unique substances that cannot break down into smaller substances.
Element.
Attraction between water molecules and other molecules.
Adhesion.
Total number of protons in an atom.
Atomic number.
How electrons are spatially distributed surrounding the nucleus.
Electron orbital.
Hydrocarbon consisting of closed rings of carbon atoms.
Aromatic hydrocarbon.
Substance composed of molecules consisting of atoms of at least two different elements.
Compound.
Interaction between two or more of the same or different atoms that results in forming molecules.
Chemical bond.
Positive ion that is formed by an atom losing one or more electrons.
Cation.
Rule that states atoms are most stable when they hold eight electrons in their outermost shells.
Octet Rule.
Functional group.
Isotope that emits radiation comprised of subatomic particles to form more stable elements.
Radioisotope.
Intermolecular forces between water molecules caused by the polar nature of water; responsible for surface tension.
Cohesion.
Atom or chemical group that does not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons.
Ion.
Type of covalent bond that forms between atoms when electrons are shared equally between them.
The four most abundant elements in living organisms.
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen.
Molecules that share a chemical formula but differ in the placement of their chemical bonds.
Structural isomers.
Weak bond between slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms and slightly negatively charged atoms in other molecules.
Hydrogen bond.
Negative ion that is formed by an atom gaining one or more electrons.
Anion.
Ability of an element to attract electrons, acquiring partial negative charges in molecules and creating partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.
Electronegativity.
Hydrocarbon consisting of a linear chain of carbon atoms.
Aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Molecules that differ from one another even though they share the same chemical formula.
Isomers.
Bond formed between two atoms of the same or different elements; forms when electrons are shared between atoms.
Covalent bond.