Atomic Composition
What are the negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom called?
electrons
What 4 pieces of information does the periodic table provide about an element?
It provides the atomic number, atomic mass, element name, and element symbol.
What are the three main types of subatomic particles?
Create a Bohr's model for the following element: Carbon
Carbon should have 6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons, 2 energy levels, and 4 valence electrons.
Where can the protons be found?
In the nucleus of an atom.
What does the atomic number represent?
The atomic number is the number of protons an element has.
What charge does a proton have?
positive
Create a Bohr's model for Neon.
Neon should have 10 protons, 10 electrons, 10 neutrons, 2 energy levels, and 8 valence electrons.
Describe the two regions of an atom.
The nucleus (which contains the protons and neutrons) and the electron cloud (which contains the electrons).
Who is credited with creating the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
Where are neutrons located within an atom?
Neutrons are located in the nucleus.
Create a Bohr's model OR give the protons, neutrons, electrons, energy levels, and valence electrons for Iodine.
Iodine should have 53 protons, 53 electrons, 74 neutrons, 5 energy levels, and 9 valence electrons
What is an electron in the outermost energy level called?
Valence Electron
How can you tell how many valence electrons an element has?
By finding its position on the Periodic Table of Elements.
How do the masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons compare in size?
protons and neutrons are 1 AMU and electrons are 1/2000 AMU
Protons and neutrons change the mass of an atom; electrons do not.
Create a Bohr's model OR give the protons, neutrons, electrons, energy levels, and valence electrons for Radium.
Radium should have 88 protons, 88 electrons, 138 neutrons, 7 energy levels, and 2 valence electrons
Why is the electron cloud model important in understanding atoms?
The electron cloud is used to describe the behavior of electrons, and it is useful in building a model of the atom.
Explain the significance of groups and periods in the periodic table.
Groups: The vertical column of the periodic table that signifies the number of valence electrons in an element.
Periods: The horizontal rows in the periodic table that signify the number of electron shells/energy levels in an element.
How do you determine the number of neutrons in an element?
MAN
Mass number - atomic number = # of neutrons
Create a Bohr's model OR give the protons, neutrons, electrons, energy levels, and valence electrons for Uranium.
Uranium should have 92 protons, 92 electrons, 146 neutrons, 7 energy levels, and 6 valence electrons.