Origins/Purposes of Govt
This is what government provides to protect people from conflicts, crime, and foreign attacks.
What is security and order?
In Rome, two elected leaders had to agree on decisions, and each could say veto—“I forbid!” What was the purpose of this system?
What is the separation of powers
This 1607 settlement in Virginia became the first permanent English colony in North America.
What is Jamestown?
This type of economy answers the questions of what, how, and for whom to produce based on customs and traditions.
What is a traditional economy?
In this system, the central government holds the most power and can even shut down local governments.
What is a unitary system?
Governments provide these things that individuals usually can’t, like public schools, roads, garbage collection, and fire departments
What are public services?
Signed by King John in 1215, this document limited the king’s power and established the idea of limited government.
What is the Magna Carta?
In 1619, Jamestown colonists elected leaders called burgesses who formed this first colonial legislature.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This version of a command economy seeks to eliminate government entirely, leaving all decisions to workers. In reality, it has never truly existed.
What is communism?
Under the Articles of Confederation, the U.S. used this type of system, where the states held most of the power and the central government was weak.
What is a confederal system?
When government sets goals, like reducing hunger or improving traffic, and then makes laws or takes action to achieve them, this is called ___________
What is public policy?
This Enlightenment thinker believed in natural rights—life, liberty, and property—and argued that people could replace a government that failed to protect them.
Who is John Locke?
This 1620 written agreement created self-government for the Pilgrims and is considered America’s first example of direct democracy.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
Both market and mixed economies give people this freedom, but only mixed economies add government protections to make sure it is used fairly.
What is the freedom to make economic decisions (such as owning property, choosing jobs, or spending money)?
This system shares power between national and state governments, preventing either one from becoming too powerful.
What is a federal system?
This level of government in the United States is the highest and makes laws for the whole country
What is the federal government?
This 1689 document gave English citizens rights no king could violate—like fair trial and protection from unfair taxes—and inspired the American colonies.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
This 1639 document, created in Connecticut, was the first written constitution in America and gave people the right to elect their leaders.
What are the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
In a mixed economy like the U.S., the government uses taxes to provide goods and services that businesses usually won’t, such as highways and this type of protection for citizens.
What is national defense (or disaster relief/justice system)
This plan for government serves as the “supreme law” of a country and limits the powers of leaders.
What is a constitution?
A sovereign country is one that is independent and makes its own decisions without approval from others. What word means independent?
What is sovereign?
These are 4 foundations of the U.S. democracy.
What are Judaism, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, and the Iroquois Confederacy?
By the mid-1700s, colonists were used to governing themselves through elected assemblies. Which English thinker’s ideas—stating that government exists to serve the people—inspired them?
Who is John Locke?
This kind of rivalry among sellers and buyers in a market economy creates more choices and better quality products.
What is competition?
In this form of government, leaders control nearly every part of citizens’ lives, often using force, propaganda, and fear.
What is a totalitarian dictatorship?