Matter Basics
What is matter?
anything that has a mass and occupies space
What are the two types of charges?
positive and negative
What is a circuit?
A circuit is a complete path through which electricity flows
What type of circuit only allows electrons to flow in one path?
Series circuit
What are cells?
These are portable power sources that convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
Does air count as matter?
Yes
What is static electricity?
the buildup of electric charges on an object that do not flow
What is the difference between an open and closed circuit?
An open circuit has a break and doesn’t allow electricity to flow, while a closed circuit allows electricity to flow.
What kind of circuit allows electrons to flow in multiple paths?
Parallel Circuits
What is a battery?
This term refers to a group of cells connected together to produce a higher combined voltage.
What are the three states that matter can exist in?
Solid, liquid, and gas
Give 2 examples of static electricity
1. lightning
2. rubbing balloon on hair
3. feet on the carpet
Name one conductor and one insulator.
Conductor: Copper, Silver, Gold, etc
Insulator: Rubber, Wood, Glass, etc
What device measures the amperes in a circuit and must be connected in series?
Ammeter
What are wet cells?
These types of cells use a liquid electrolyte to conduct electricity.
What property of matter determines its ability to conduct electricity?
Conductivity
Why doesn’t static electricity need a circuit to work?
Static electricity involves charges that build up and transfer through a discharge without continuous flow in a circuit.
What does “voltage” mean?
Voltage is the potential difference or force that pushes electrons through a circuit.
What is the term for the flow rate of electrons, measured in amperes (A).
Current
What are primary cells?
These cells are single-use and cannot be recharged, with a fixed quantity of chemicals that determine their electrical output.
Explain why metals are good conductors.
Metals have free-moving electrons that allow electricity to flow easily.
Explain the role of friction in generating static electricity.
Friction causes electrons to be transferred from one object to another, creating an imbalance of charges.
What are the 4 parts of a circuit
1. source
2. conductor
3. load
4. control
What is the term for an item in a circuit that uses electricity and converts it into another form of energy, like a light bulb or a bell.
Load
What are secondary cells?
These cells have reversible chemical reactions, allowing them to be recharged and reused.