Elements & Bonds
Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
Water
Fill in the blank: Amino acids are the monomer for _________.
Proteins
What is the body's preferred source of energy?
Carbohydrates.
Which macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
Carbon-14 has 2 more neutrons than Carbon-12. Is Carbon-14 an atom, isotope, or ion?
Isotope
Why does ice float in liquid water?
It is less dense than liquid water. BONUS FOR 2X POINTS: Why is this important for life on earth???
Carbohydrates. BONUS QUESTION FOR 2X POINTS: Name 1 example of a polysaccharide.
Which macromolecule is inherited from our parents and, therefore, will never be broken down for energy?
Nucleic acids
False. Form dictates function! BONUS QUESTION FOR 2X POINTS: Name 1 example of something that could change the shape of a protein.
Na+ has 1 less electron than Na. Is Na+ an atom, isotope, or ion?
Ion
Oils, waxes, and steroids do not mix with water. What kind of substances are they?
Hydrophobic
Name 3 elements that are in all 4 biological macromolecules.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Which macromolecule contains the most calories per gram?
Lipids (fats)
Which 2 subatomic particles, when added together, determines the mass of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
When 2 Hydrogen atoms "share" their valence electrons with an Oxygen atom, a water molecule (H2O) forms. What type of chemical bond is this?
Covalent bond (they "share" their electrons)
Which property of water allows the climate of the earth to be kept moderate and within a habitable range?
High specific heat
Fill in the blank: When amino acids are linked together they form a ___________.
Polypeptide
Of the 3 macromolecules that are broken down for energy, which one is the least preferred energy source?
Proteins. BONUS QUESTION FOR 2X POINTS: Why?
Phospholipids make up the cell membrane. Which phrase describes their ability to control what enters/exits the cell?
Selectively permeable
Potassium has 1 valence electron. Carbon has 4, Nitrogen has 5, Oxygen has 6, and Iodine has 7. Which atom would Potassium bond with?
Iodine. EXTRA CREDIT FOR 2X POINTS: Why???
Which word describes the fact that 1 side of a water molecule is more (+) and the other side is more (-)?
Polar
Do hydrolysis reactions break down polymers into monomers, or do they build monomers into polymers?
Break down polymers into monomers (by the addition of H2O!)
Which of these would the best source of immediate, short-term energy: steak, apple, peanuts, or potato?
Apple (fruit contains fructose, a monosaccharide)
Which of these substances would dissolve in water: glucose (polar), CO2 (nonpolar), CH4 (nonpolar)?
Glucose