Lesson 1
to exclude a person from a church and religious community
excommunicate
What does Pilgrimage mean
A journey undertaken to worship at a holy place.
What does Crusade mean
A series of military campaigns to establish Christian control over holy land, had begon
What does Reconquista mean?
The movement to drive the Muslims from Spain
What does Famine mean?
Shortage of food
In 962, who persuaded the pope to crown him emperor
Otto the Great
Whad did Norman barons build
Great castles as homes and fortresses
Who started destroying churches and killing pilgrims
Arabs
What does moors mean?
governed an extremely advanced, dynamic, and diverse society centered in what is now southern Spain.
What does Peasents' Revolt mean?
Killing lords and burning manors
Who asserted that the church was founded by God and claimed the power to depose, or remove from office, any public official, including bishops and even emperors
Pope Gregory
The Magna was intended to protect the rights of
The English barons
Who organized the second Cersade
King Louis VII
Who captured Majorca, a small island off the east coast of Iberia, from its Muslim rulers?
James I of Aragon
When was England finally defeated?
1453
What happened after Charlemagne's empire collasped
divided among a number of dukes
What conflict arise between Henry ll and Tomas Becket
Becket supported the authority of the church over the monarcy
When did Muslims defeat the last crusader state
1291
What did traders carry?
leather goods, silk cloth, and jewelry
What is it called when victims died within a few days, with terrible swelling
bubonic plaque
Who insisted that only the Roman pontiff, or pope, had the right to choose bishops
Gregory
What languages became the lanquage of law, culrure and government
Latin and French
What does Heresty mean?
Is a belief rejected by official church teaching
How many people did Spain loose?
160,000
In the early ___ , England and France were becoming unified states, or nations
1300s