1.4 VOCAB
Cause of migration that pushes people to leave their home country.
Push factor
A group of humans with a shared culture who have organized themselves to meet their basic needs.
Society
Supply
Total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
How have people adapted to their environment?
People have adapted to their environment by learning to use the resources in their environment. For example, they farm in places where soil is fertile. They have changed the environment through such practices such as turning forested areas into cropland or clearing land to build cities.
What is the difference between a nuclear family and an extended family?
A nuclear family consists of parents and their children. An extended family includes other family members.
What are the three basic economic questions?
What goods and services should be produced? How should goods and services be produced? Who uses or consumes those goods and services?
What is the difference between domestic and international trade?
Domestic trade occurs within an individual country. International trade occurs between countries.
Cause of migration that pulls or attracts people to new countries.
Pull factor
A group of people living in similar economic conditions.
Social class
A form of government in which citizens hold political power.
Demand
Amount of goods and services produced given the amount of resources used.
Productivity
Why do people immigrate? Give examples.
People who migrate are often looking for a better life. Reasons for migration are push factors. Other reasons for migration are know as pull factors. An example of a pull factor would be job opportunities. An example of a push factor would be oppression.
How can art help us to study history?
The visual arts and literature can portray how people lived in the past.
How are supply and demand related?
Demand is the desire for goods and services; supply is the ability and willingness to produce a good or service. Demand cannot be met without supply and both depend on price.
How does technology affect productivity?
Technology can help workers do tasks more quickly and efficiently, which increases productivity.
Useful material found in the environment.
Natural resource
The level of comfort enjoyed by a person or society.
Standard of living
Person or consumer that buys or consumes goods or services.
Consumer
Exchange of goods and services in a market.
Trade
How have people changed their environment? What are negative effects of this?
People extract or remove many kinds of natural resources from the environment. For example, to get wood for houses, they cut down trees. A negative effect would be deforestation since animals will suffer as a result. Drilling oil wells can also lead to oil spills which harm the land and water. Deforestation and producing oil can reduce biodiversity.
What are the main ways that language is used to pass on culture?
Culture is passed on through verbal teachings and through written documents or records such as books.
How does competition affect producers and consumers?
Competition forces producers to keep prices close to or lower than their competitors. It enables them to beat competitors with a lower price or higher quality. It gives consumers the ability to choose on the basics of price and quality.
For what reasons do governments enact trade barriers?
To try to protect domestic products from competition from lower-priced imports.
To migrate out of place.
Emigrate
The spread of cultural traits from one culture to another.
Cultural diffusion
Cost of what you have to give up when making a choice.
Opportunity cost
A society's ability to produce a product most efficiently given all the products it could produce.
Comparative Advantage
Give two examples of ways technology has made people less dependent on the environment.
The ability to use the internet to work remotely and transportation technology, such as cars, buses, and trains allow people to rely on resources and environments far from their homes.
How does religion shape culture?
The beliefs and values of a religion can help shape how the people of a culture develop and act.
If a company subtracts the cost of the resources it uses from its total revenues, what does the resulting number represent?
It represents profit.
Why does higher productivity help countries develop?
More productive workers often earn higher wages, increasing their standard of living.
Growth of machine-powered production and manufacturing.
Industrialization
A pattern of organized relationships among groups of people within a society.
Social Structure
Study of how people meet their wants and needs.
Economics
Something that keeps goods and services from entering a country.
Trade Barrier
What is the relationship between population growth and standard of living? What happens to the standard of living if the rate of population growth exceeds the growth of necessary resources such as food and water?
A growing population can produce and consume more goods and services, so population growth can improve a country's standard of living. If the population growth exceeds the necessary resources, then standard of living drops.
What are the six features of culture?
Language, laws, religion, art, values, food and clothing.
What are the differences among traditional, command and market economies?
In a traditional economy, economic decisions are based on what people are accustomed to. In a command economy, the government makes all basic economic decisions. In a market economy, consumers and producers make the decisions.
How does specialization encourage international trade and make countries interdependent?
Countries specialize in what they produce best and import what they cannot produce efficiently. Since all countries must import some goods, they all become dependent on one another.