Genetics Fundamentals
Q: Cells with only one set of chromosomes
A: What are haploid cells?
Q: Having two identical alleles
A: What is homozygous?
Q: A change in the DNA base sequence
A: What is a gene mutation?
Q: Region where transcription begins
A: What is a promoter?
Q: Division producing identical diploid cells
A: What is mitosis?
Q: The genetic makeup of an organism
A: What is a genotype?
Q: A cross used to determine an unknown genotype
A: What is a test cross?
Q: Mutation where one base is replaced
A: What is a substitution?
Q: Protein that blocks transcription by binding DNA
A: What is a repressor protein?
Q: Division producing four haploid cells
A: What is meiosis?
Q: The observable characteristics influenced by genes and environment
A: What is a phenotype?
Q: A genetic cross involving two genes
A: What is a dihybrid cross?
Q: Mutation that shifts the reading frame
A: What is a frameshift mutation?
Q: DNA segment where repressor binds
A: What is an operator?
Q: Pairing of homologous chromosomes
A: What is synapsis?
Q: The position of a gene on a chromosome
A: What is a locus?
Q: When genes are inherited together due to same chromosome
A: What is linkage?
Q: Genetic disorder caused by lack of melanin
A: What is albinism?
Q: Operon activated when lactose present and glucose absent
A: What is the lac operon?
Q: Exchange of genetic material between chromatids
A: What is crossing over?
Q: When two different alleles are both expressed in a heterozygote
A: What is codominance?
Q: When one gene masks the expression of another
A: What is epistasis?
Q: A heterozygous advantage disease protecting against malaria
A: What is sickle cell anaemia?
Q: Enzymes produced only when substrate is present
A: What are inducible enzymes?
Q: Random alignment of chromosomes in metaphase I
A: What is independent assortment?