Key Terms
The elected branch of parliament
House of Commons
list 3 contributions to the Agricultural Revolution
crop rotation
seed drill
animal breeding
better cereal cultivation
This was created to cut costs and increase profits for industrialists by putting laborers, machines and the energy required in one building.
The Factory System
this social class saw the largest growth during industrialization
middle class
The machine that agricultural workers protested and set fire to in the Captain Swing Riots
thresher
After the Great Reform Act, working class people joined the Chartist Movement and sent the People's Charter to Parliament which was a ____ or a list of demands with supporter's signatures.
petition
machine invented by Eli Whitney that transformed what textiles were made from
Cotton Gin
abundant resources of coal and iron ore
established extensive overseas trade
stable government
access to water (ports and rivers)
economic investment and the Bank of England
Inventor of the "rocket" or the first railroad was
George Stephenson
enclosure movement
lack of jobs in rural areas
rural population growth
What was the name of the skilled textile workers that broke machines in the early IR and why did they do this (2)?
Luddites
loss of jobs, decrease in pay, food shortages, demand for changes in parliament
Unlike the Chartists, Cooperative Societies were free of association with ____ or _____ which made them neutral organizations and open to all.
politics
religion
A willingness and the means to set up a new business (pay the costs of production) and take the risks in order to become successful.
entrepreneurship
when artisans produced textiles in their homes they were part of
the cottage industry or putting out system
List 2 of the 3 factors that contributed to the growth of the domestic market in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th century.
infrastructure (canals and roads)
banking and finance system
extensive commercial system
This parliamentary action was prompted by the royal commission investigation and outbreaks of cholera.
The Public Health Act of 1848
The act that extended voting rights to middle class men with property and the first act they passed to tackle the problem of poverty and created a welfare system. (2 answers)
The Great Reform Act, 1832
The Poor Law Amendment (New Poor Law)
The building of Britain's first factory and housing for its workers which led to the growth of a small town, was attributed to entrepreneur _______.
Richard Arkwright
A group of members of parliament that examines a specific problem
Select Committee
When the British government allowed for the unprecedented growth of capital investment in industry without restriction, it was practicing
laissez-faire (economics)
While James Watt's steam engine gets more of the credit for aiding rapid industrialization, ____ 's steam engine transformed the access miners had to coal.
Newcomen
List one benefit and one problem for the working class during the Industrial Revolution
BENEFITS - jobs, wages, buying power, opportunities for upward mobility (men), access to education (kids)
PROBLEMS - low wages, long hours, terrible working conditions, women and children paid less than men, terrible living conditions, subject to the pay of the boss (supplies or actual capital)
List 3 of the demands of the Chartists
annual parliaments
pay for MPs
non-propertied men could hold public office
equal representation
secret ballot
This event ended the Corn Laws and led to an investigation into the local militia (made up of yeoman) and proved there was a distinction of ideology on the Industrial Revolution between the middle and working class.
The Peterloo Massacre/Incident
Official/legal right to be the sole manufacturer or seller of an invention for a set number years.
patent
Parliament showed its support for the large landowners during the Agricultural Revolution, by passing ___ to protect them from legal action by peasants or other tenant farmers.
The Enclosure Acts
tariffs
national income
The Socialist thinker, writer and factory owner who formed the Grand National Trade Union, and promoted education for children that was provided by the factory.
Robert Owen
the law that outlawed trade unions in 1800, but were repealed in 1824
Combination Acts
The Upper and Middle Classes celebrated the British government which was a _____ _____, and distrusted _____ government which existed in France in the late 1700s and after 1848 because they saw it as _____. (3 answers)
constitutional monarchy
republican
dangerous, Revolutionary, a monster, chaotic, disruptive