A
Specifically which branch of the nervous system can slow down your heart rate?
Parasympathetic nervous system
Blood leaving the right ventricle is...
exiting the pulmonary artery and deoxygenated
Initiates electrical impulses to stimulate contraction
Sinoatrial Node or SA node
Define Cardiovascular Drift
A phenomenon that occurs when there's an increase in heart rate during a constant state of exercise with no increase in intensity
What helps veins create the pressure gradient needed to return blood to the heart?
Muscle Pumps
A female marathoner and a sedentary female are observed during maximal exercise, sub-maximal exercise and rest. The marathoner has a resting cardiac output of 4.0 L/min compared to the 4.1L/min of the sedentary subject. In sub-maximal testing, the marathoner's output increased to 8.6 L/min compared to the sedentary female's 8.8 L/min. What would you expect to see when it comes to their cardiac output during maximal exercise?
The trained female would have a much higher cardiac output.
What part of the Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for increasing the Heart Rate?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Compare the stroke volume between Untrained and Trained athletes
Greater stroke volume in trained athletes compared to the untrained average person
Trained athletes are increasing their heart rate on a regular basis, and will have a stronger heart that allows for a more efficient and stronger contraction to pump blood out compared to an average person
When you exercise, proprioceptors in your tendons and joints alert your brain that movement is occurring in your body. How does your brain respond?
The brain sends an electrical impulse to the sinoatrial node, causing the cardiac muscle tissue to contract faster and more forcefully.
Distinguish between systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Systolic measures the blood pressure on the arterial walls during the contraction of the ventricles
Diastolic measures the blood pressure on the arterial walls during the relaxation of the ventricles
Playing floor hockey, your heart rate increases in order to supply more oxygen and energy to your working muscles. What type of regulation is mostly responsible for this increase in heart rate?
Extrinsic Autonomic - Sympathetic Nervous System
Kris has a public speaking in one hour. His blood pressure measures 180/100 mmHg. What does the 180 represent?
The pressure exerted by blood on the interior of his arteries during ventricular systole.
During exercise, blood is redistributed throughout the body. Arteries that the feed the working muscles will experience...
Vasodilation - an increase in the diameter of the arteries supplying them.
A 20yo, untrained, female swimmer races 200m freestyle against a 20yo, trained, female swimmer. The Untrained swimmer finishes the race with a heart rate of 200bpm, a stroke volume of 70mL/beat and a cardiac output of 14L/min. Which data set below is most likely the trained swimmer's?
- 160bpm, 90mL/beat, 14.4L/min
- 195bpm, 90mL/beat, 17.55L/min
- 220bpm, 90mL/beat, 19.8L/min
195bpm, 90mL/beat, 17.55L/min
Otto is playing in the IASAS rugby finals and there is 30 seconds left in a tie game. He has been playing hard all game, keeping his heart rate above 85% of his maximum. He breaks free and sprints 90m at 100% effort to score the game winning try. How would his stroke volume react to this final sprint?
His stroke volume would staythe same.
How does systolic and diastolic blood pressure respond to dynamic exercise?
Systolic pressure goes up because of increase cardiac output This results in a higher systolic pressure against the arterial walls.
Diastolic pressure stays the same