Vocabulary
a long poem telling the story of a hero
Sparta beat Athens because they had a stronger _____
fleet
What were some features of ancient Greek architecture?
columns and sculptures
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were all _____ who used reasoning to try to gain wisdom or enlightenment.
philosophers
cavalry
The part of the Persian army called the cavalry could move quickly because the soldiers rode horses.
Fable
Short tale that teaches a lesson; animals speak and act like humans; end with a moral or useful truth
Peloponnesian War was the name because Sparta was located in
Peloponnesus
How did Greek historians shape the way we record history?
They tried to separate fact from fiction
They tried to be accurate and impartial
They checked the reliability of their sources
What are the three types of government according to Aristotle?
1. democracy
2. monarchy
3. oligarchy
Soothsayer
A person who tells fortunes
Hellenistic Era
Alexander the Great's conquests launched a period called the Hellenistic Era during which Greek culture spread through the known world.
Why were some Spartan boys brought up without warm clothes and with limited food?
to help prepare them for tough military life
The Greeks created and performed the first dramas, which included
tragedies and comedies
What was the Delian League?
a group of Greek city-states joined together to defend against the Persians
a person taking part in a discussion
Anthropocentric
Human-centered; interpreting the world in terms of human values and experiences
Battle of ______ is where the Athenian navy destroyed the Persian fleet in the strait
Salamis
What tools and trades helped the development of early Greek civilization?
shipping and trading
money and the Greek alphabet
Early Persians were ______ and ______ .
warriors, cattle herders
Aesop wrote many stories called ______, with animals acting like humans, to teach a lesson.
fables
Zoroastrainism
Persians believed in a religion called zoroastrainism that included the belief in only one god.
What was a key cause of the Peloponnesian War?
Athens treated other city-states like subjects
Why was Alexander the Great's empire important even though he lived only a short time?
He and the kings that followed him built many new cities. Greek rule in these areas spread Greek language, ideas, art, and architecture.
Who taught there was one supreme god
Zoroaster
Eiren
a Spartan group leader