Earth's Interior
How many layers are in Earth's interior?
4
What is luster?
How the light reflects through a crystal
Which type of rock is formed from lava cooling down?
Igneous rock
What is sediment?
Tiny pieces of rock
What is a mineral?
1) A natural solid with a characteristic crystal shape
2) Mineral pieces mixed together from heat and pressure
3) Repeating pattern of mineral particles forming a solid structure
4) Rock carried from the depths of Earth and cooled on the surface
1) A natural solid with a characteristic crystal shape
What is the order of Earth's layers from closest to the surface to farthest?
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Why are minerals not all found in the same places around the world?
Mineral distribution, specific conditions and materials
Which type of rock forms when weathering and erosion happen over time?
Sedimentary rock
What is weathering?
When weather like rain, wind, or ice break down rock
What is a rock?
1) A natural solid with a characteristic crystal shape
2) Mineral pieces mixed together from heat and pressure
3) Repeating pattern of mineral particles forming a solid structure
4) Rock carried from the depths of Earth and cooled on the surface
2) Mineral pieces mixed together from heat and pressure
What are the two spheres included in the crust and mantle?
lithosphere and asthenosphere
What is one of the 4 ways minerals form?
Organic minerals, minerals from solutions, minerals from magma and lava, altered minerals
Which type of rock is formed from heat and pressure?
Metamorphic rock
What is erosion?
When wind, rain, and ice wear down an compact sedimentary rock over time
What is a crystal?
1) A natural solid with a characteristic crystal shape
2) Mineral pieces mixed together from heat and pressure
3) Repeating pattern of mineral particles forming a solid structure
4) Rock carried from the depths of Earth and cooled on the surface
3) Repeating pattern of mineral particles forming a solid structure
What metals are Earth's core made out of?
Iron and nickel
What are the 5 requirements of a mineral?
Solid, naturally occurring, formed by inorganic processes, crystal structure, definite chemical composition
What is one type of rock we see in everyday life?
Granite, marble, concrete, coal
What two things are needed to change sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
When two plates meet, one of them can be pushed underneath the other and form a...
Subduction zone
What process brings rocks and heat up from the core towards the crust?
Convection currents
What are the 8 ways to identify minerals?
Color, streak, density, luster, hardness, crystal structure, cleavage/fracture, special
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is still inside Earth and lava is when it has erupted from a volcano
Rocks melt and get carried into this area full of heat from Earth's interior
Subduction zone
When rocks form into a new type of rock due to heat and pressure, it is due to...
Metamorphism