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Old Stone Age
Paleolithic
Middle stone Age
Mesolithic
For hundreds and thousands of years people did this to survive.
Hunted and gathered
New Stone Age
Neolithic
The first metal that people heated and molded to make tools was called
copper
Sumerian writing was called
Cuneiform
Sumerian stepped tower or pyramid
Ziggurat
When you combine this metal with copper you make bronze.
Tin
The two rivers of the fertile crescent
Tigris and the Euphrates
What did most of the Paleolithic cave art found in France and Spain depict?
Animals
The first complex societies were found in these locations.
River valleys and confluences
Of all the empires we read about in the Mesopotamian region, which was the largest.
Persian Empire
The use of fire transformed human life - give two reasons
warmth, cooking, improved nutrition
Type of government that bases its laws on religion
Theocracy
What do we still use today that is a legacy from the Sumerians
60 minute hour- time
The Age after the Bronze age
Iron
Babylon was the central city in these two empires
Babylonian and Assyrian
The most famous Sumerian poem
Epic of Gilgamesh
Name two ways that Darius ran his empire
Darius divided the empire into 20 provinces called satrapsies. A satrap, governor, collected taxes, provided justice and recruited soldiers.
He standardized coins and weights and measures, built new and repaired roads.
Communication system improved because of roads, waystations
Built new places of worship for Egyptians and Jews
Established his own set of laws.
Showed tolerance to conquered people, let Jews go back to Israel. Installed Persian and also native people as government officials in their own states. Conquered people felt they were part of the empire. Accepted that other cultures might have valuable ideas.
Cyrus of Persia
The Neolithic revolution of changing from the practice
of hunting and gathering to keeping animals and growing crops was called
Systematic Agriculture
What was the Persian religion?
Zoroastrianism
Complex societies grew into civilizations. These are the six common elements:
Cities, government, religion, social structure, writing and art.
Describe how the Hammurabi code was not the same for everyone.
lower to upper class crime- more serious than upper to lower class crime.
What Chaldean King supposedly was responsible for the Hanging gardens of Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar II