Topic 4
These types of chromosomes are maternal and paternal copies of a pair in a diploid cell.
What is Homologous?
Considering one of the most prevalent forms of DNA damage, this chemical reaction releases purine bases by the hydrolysis of N-glycosidic bonds.
What is Depurination?
Eukaryotic cells have this many different RNA polymerases.
What is 3?
Region of the tRNA that recognizes and interacts with codons on mRNA.
What is the anti-codon loop?
This structure includes chromatin, histones, and other non-histone proteins.
What is a Nucleosome?
This enzyme breaks the phosphodiester backbone to prevent DNA tangling during replication.
What is DNA topoisomerase?
This sequence in a promoter region of Eukaryotic DNA binds general transcription factors and is where transcription is initiated.
What is TATA box?
The general transcription factor that facilitates DNA unwinding at the transcriptional start site, as well as releasing RNA polymerase II after the phosphorylation event to the enzyme's CTD.
What is TFIIH?
This type of heterochromatin can be regulated to control gene expression.
What is facultative heterochromatin?
In this class of transposable elements, the mode of movement is via an RNA intermediate that is often synthesized from a neighboring promoter.
In bacterial cells, this component binds to the core enzyme and indicates where transcription should begin.
What is sigma factor?
A quality control process that looks for bound exon junction complexes after the ribosome reaches a stop codon to determine if the mRNA is defective and should be tagged for degradation.
What is nonsense-mediated mRNA decay?
What is Synteny?
This protein complex hides telomerase from the cell damage detectors that continually monitor DNA.
What is shelterin?
An enzyme used by Eukaryotes in transcription initiation that is responsible for synthesizing all protein coding genes, as well as several other functional RNA's.
What is RNA Polymerase II?
Two processes the cell uses for controlled degradation.
What is activation of a ubiquitin ligase and activation of a degradation signal?
The total number of histone subunits in a nucleosome.
What is 8?
During transcription and DNA replication, this histone chaperone can aid in assembly and disassembly of nucleosomes.
What is FACT (Facilitates Chromatin Transcription)?
A process that is associated with ATP hydrolysis and has a role in increasing accuracy of the spliceosome.
What is kinetic proofreading?
This site of a ribosome, when a stop codon is present, will allow release factors to bind and terminate transcription.
What is the A site?