Viruses
Prokaryotes
Protists
Fungi
Plants
100
A protein coat made of subunits called capsomeres
Capsid
100
Two kinds of DNA in prokaryotic cells
Bacterial chromosome and plasmid DNA
100
The four super groups
Excavata SAR clade Archaeplastida Unikonta
100
Hyphae that penetrate plant cells to absorb nutrients from their photosynthesis (may be mutualistic (arbuscular mycorrhizae, or parasitic)
Haustoria
100
The two characteristics land plants share with green algae
Cuticle, sporopollenin (both protect from desiccation)
200
The one thing held inside the capsid
Genome
200
Three things all cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) have
DNA, cell membrane, ribosomes
200
Archaeplastida (name what groups are included in here)
Supergroup that includes red algae and both green algae as well as land plants, all multicellular
200
Extremely close and long-lived mutualistic associations between fungi and algae (protists)
Lichens
200
The three characteristics land plants share with charophyceans
1. Rose shaped ringed proteins that make cellulose as opposed to linear protein arrangement (remember protein structure (aka form) totally affects its function!) 2. Formation of phragmoplast– how during mitosis, instead of dividing by pulling apart into two, they divide by having a plate grow in the middle of the cell splitting it that way instead 3. Similarly structure flagella of sperm
300
The only kind of virus that has something besides its genome held inside the capsid (and what it is)
Retrovirus which also holds in its capsid the enzyme reverse transcriptase
300
Two main things prokaryotic cells do not have that eukaryotic cells do have
They do not have a nucleus They do not have membrane-bound organelles
300
Unikonta (name major groups of organisms within this group)
The super group to which opisthotokonts and amoebozoans belong
300
Three kinds of leaves
Sporophylls, microphylls, megaphylls
400
Double stranded DNA viruses and single stranded RNA (both mRNA and mRNA template) viruses (what do they have in common?)
They can be enveloped or non enveloped
400
The process by which bacteria reproduce
Binary fission
400
The ancestral protist to land plants, the ancestral protist to animals, and the ancestral protist to fungi, respectively
Charophyceans, choanaflagellates, nuclearids
400
Essentially the whole "body" of the fungus, the entire branching network of hyphae
Mycellium
400
What major characteristic arises with gymnosperms?
Seeds
500
Single stranded DNA viruses and double stranded DNA viruses (what do they have in common?)
They are non enveloped
500
Can prokaryotes ever be multicellular?
No
500
Is protista a monophyletic, paraphyletic, or polyphyletic group? Why?
It is paraphyletic because it includes their common ancestor but not all of their descendants. Better to call this phylogeny "Eukarya"
500
Three steps (in order) of fungal sexual reproduction which is induced when not-so-great environmental conditions call for it (which is initiated by the process discussed in the first jeopardy game lol)
1. Plasmogamy 2. Heterogamy 3. Karyogamy
500
What the naked seeds of gymnosperms are held on
Male and female cones called pollen cones and ovulate cones (the naked seeds lie on the scales of the cones)
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