Parts of Logic
The first mental act of Logic and its verbal expression
What is simple apprehension and term?
The four statements of logic
What is All S is P, Some S is P, No S is P, and Some S is not P?
The distribution status of an A statement
What is distributed, undistributed?
Statements that differ in both quality and quantity
What are contradictory statements?
The distribution status of an E statement
What is distributed, distributed?
The second mental act of logic and its verbal expression
What is judgement and proposition?
The quality and quantity of an A statement
What is affirmative, universal?
The distribution status of an I statement
What is undistributed, undistributed?
Statements where if the particular is false, the universal is false, and if the universal is true the particular is true, otherwise status is indeterminate
What are subalternate statements?
The distribution status of an O statement
What is undistributed, distributed?
The third mental act of logic and its verbal expression
What is deductive inference and syllogism?
The quality and quantity of an I statement
What is affirmative, particular?
The term that is the subject of the conclusion
What is the minor term?
First, change the quality of the statement. Then, negate the predicate.
What are the steps to obvert a statement?
The two terminological rules
What are (1) there must be three and only three terms & (2) the middle term must not occur in the conclusion?
________ deals with whether a statement is affirmative or negative
What is quality?
The quality and quantity of an E statement
What is negative, universal
The term that is the predicate of the conclusion
What is the major term?
Interchange the subject and predicate.
How to convert a statement?
The two quantitative rules
What are (1) if a term is distributed in the conclusion then it must be distributed in the premises & (2) the middle term must be distributed at least once?
_________ deals with whether a statement is universal or particular
What is quantity?
The quality and quantity of an O statement
What is negative, particular
The term that appears in both premises but not in the conclusion
What is the middle term?
First, obvert the statement. Then, convert the statement. Last, obvert the statement again.
What are the steps to contrapose a statement?
The three qualitative rules
What are (1) no conclusion can follow from two negative premises, (2) if the two premises are affirmative, the conclusion must be affirmative, (3) if either premise is negative, the conclusion must also be negative?