Definitions
Define figure
The disposition or location of terms in the premises.
Give the format and Latin name for a first figure syllogism
M P
S M
S p
Subjectum predicatum
Give the name of the five most commonly encountered syllogisms
BARBARA
CERLARENT
CESARE
CAMESTRES
CAMENES
What are the valid moods of the first figure
BARBARA
CELARENT
DARII
FERIO
All M is P
All S is M
Therefore, all S is P
Categorical Syllogism
(First Figure BARBARA)
Define mood
The disposition of the premises according to quantity and quality
Give the format and the Latin name for the second figure syllogism
P M
S M
S P
Praedicatum Praedicatum
Who came up with the acronyms to help remember the format of the valid syllogisms
William Shyreswood
What are the two valid moods for conditional syllogisms
Constructive
Destructive
John is an atheist
Therefore, John disbelieves in God
Enthymeme
(First order: missing the major premise)
Define a disjunctive syllogism
Syllogism in which the major premise is a disjunctive proposition and the minor premise is a categorical proposition
Give the format and Latin name of the third figure syllogism
M P
M S
S P
Subjectum Subjectum
What are enthymeme
A syllogism that does not contain both of the necessary premises or contains both of it's premises but is missing a conclusion
What are the two categories for destructive moods
Tollendo Ponens
Ponendo tollens
If P, then Q
P
Therefore, Q
Conditional Syllogism
(constructive or Modus Ponens)
Define polysyllogism
A syllogism that links together several syllogism in such a way that the conclusion of one syllogism serves as a premise for the next one
Give the format and Latin name for the fourth figure syllogism
P M
M S
S P
Praedicatum Subjectum
What does the validity of a hypothetical syllogism depend on
The relationship among the propositions in the syllogism
How many valid moods are there
19
Either Socrates is a farmer or Socrates is a philosopher
Socrates is not a farmer
Therefore, Socrates is a philosopher
Disjunctive Syllogism
(Tollendo Ponens)
Define a causal proposition
A proposition which includes the proof for the proposition or the reason for believing the proposition to be true
Give another name for the fourth figure syllogism
Galenic figure
What are the four operations for reduction
Simple conversion
Per accidens (partial conversion)
Mutatio (transposition of the premises)
Reduction by contradiction
Name five of the 19 valid moods
BARBARA
CELARENT
DARII
FERIO
CESARE
CAMESTRES
FESTINO
BARACO
DARAPTI
DISAMIS
DATISI
FELAPTON
BOCARDO
FERISON
BRAMANTIP
CAMENES
DIMARIS
FESAPO
FRESISON
All A is B
All B is C
All C is D
All D is E
Therefore, all A is E
Sorites
(Aristotelian)