Reinforcement
How do we know if something is a reinforcer?
Increases future frequency of behavior
What happens if we don't fade prompts when teaching?
Learners can become prompt dependent
True or false: Praise is always a reinforcer
False- not for everyone!
Using errorless teaching _______ errors, frustration, and problem behavior
Decreases
True or false: An item/activity is considered a reinforcer if the client likes it
False! Just because they like it doesn't mean it's a reinforcer; it has to increase the future frequency of target behavior
What type of reinforcement schedule involves reinforcing the target behavior every time it occurs?
Continuous
Name 3 types of prompts
Physical, gestural, modeling, visual, vocal, stimulus prompts
How do we determine which items/activities our kids are motivated for?
Preference assessments
True! Just make sure to give more reinforcement for independent responses
Name one strategy for gathering information on client preferences informally
You can thin reinforcement for clients who are dependent on tangible reinforcement by providing lower ______ of the reinforcer. For example, providing 5 m&ms for a correct response when first teaching a skill and providing 3 and later 1 as the client becomes more successful.
Levels
Which type of prompt is often hardest to fade?
Verbal
How do you know if a client is motivated for something?
Reaching for it, looking at it, asking for it, etc.
What are the ABCs of behavior?
Antecedent, behavior, consequence
When teaching a brand new skill, what kind of reinforcement schedule would you start with?
Dense/continuous
Time delay involves systematically increasing the time between when the _____ is given and when the ______ is given.
SD, prompt
Name some teaching opportunities you could create after getting a client motivated for singing/dancing
Listener response, motor imitation, manding to continue singing/dancing, etc.
Name 2 types of prompt fading we use in errorless teaching
Most-to-least, least-to-most, time delay
Where can you typically find information about prompts and prompt fading in CentralReach?
In the instructional note !
Why do we thin reinforcement schedules?
So the client is more likely to maintain the response in the natural environment with naturally occurring SDs
Name one pro of least-to-most prompting
How might you contrive motivation for a non preferred toy?
Withhold it for a little while so it becomes novel, pair the toy with other preferred activities (songs, snack, etc.), playing with it in a very exaggerated/exciting way
In error correction, we follow this sequence: error, prompt, ______, distract, test
Transfer
Give an example of how you might thin reinforcement across session using iPad as a reinforcer
Provide longer access to iPad at the beginning and less as they become more successful, provide iPad for every response and then every other response (and so on), use highly preferred videos at first and then less preferred videos