DNA vs RNA
This sugar is found in RNA, whereas DNA contains a different sugar
What is Ribose?
This organelle is also known as the protein synthesis factory.
What is a ribosome?
This sequence of events—transcription followed by translation—results in the creation of this biological macromolecule
What is a protein?
This enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription.
What is RNA polymerase
The flow of genetic information goes from DNA to RNA to protein in this process that describes the central "truth" of molecular biology
What is the Central Dogma of molecular biology?
In RNA, this nitrogenous base pairs with adenine instead of thymine
What is Uracil?
This sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA codes for a specific amino acid during translation.
What is a codon?
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation and is essential for protein synthesis
What is transfer RNA or tRNA?
Transcription occurs in this part of the cell
What is the nucleus
There are 20 different types of these molecules that make up proteins
What are amino acids?
RNA is typically single-stranded, while this molecule is double-stranded
What is DNA?
The so called "transfer RNAs" are physically bound to this type of small molecule which is eventually transferred to create a growing chain
What are amino acids?
A polypeptide chain of amino acids is considered complete when this type of codon is encountered, signaling the end of translation
What is a stop codon?
These small segments of DNA that encode different characteristics or traits are copied into RNA during transcription.
What is a gene?
90% of the worlds population has this common genetic trait
What is right handedness?
These three nucleotide bases are SHARED by both DNA and RNA
What are Cytosine, Guanine and Adenine
All messenger RNAs contain this special type of codon that initiates translation and second type of codon that ends translation.
What are start and stop codons?
In prokaryotes like bacteria, both transcription and translation occur in this location
What is the cytoplasm?
After mRNA is generated, it leaves the nucleus and enters which cellular compartment?
What is the cytoplasm?
This codon, AUG, not only marks the start of translation but also codes for this amino acid
What is methionine?
While both DNA and RNA "copy" genetic information, only this type of nucleic acid is capable of exiting the nucleus.
What is RNA?
Using this special tool, scientists are able to determine which codon encodes for which amino acid. Hint: It was used in the final "lego building" stage of the gene expression lab.
What is a codon table?
This type of bond links amino acids together to form proteins
What is a peptide bond?
These three different types of RNA make protein synthesis possible
What is messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA?
This type of RNA is the only type that can be found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm
What is mRNA?