Definitions
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the DNA building block?
Nucleotide
What is the first stage?
Initiation
What are genes?
The sections of DNA that code for polypeptides
What is mRNA?
Messenger ribonucleic acid
What is the region of the DNA that initiates transcription?
Promoter
What stage is elongation?
Second stage
What is the goal of protein synthesis?
Production of Polypeptide chains
What is RNA Polymerase?
Enzyme needed for Transcription
What is the base RNA uses that replaces Thymine?
Uracil
What is the final stage?
Termination
What is RNA splicing?
The process used to remove introns from pre-mRNA.
What are exons?
Shorter sequences of nucleotides used to synthesis proteins
Is RNA a single helix or double helix molecule?
Single strand
What is the elongation process?
The addition of nucleotides to the growing mRNA strand.
What is +1 site?
The site on the DNA where the first RNA nucleotide is transcribed.
What is the transcription bubble?
The opening of the DNA strand
Which strand of the double helix is used as the strand that will be transcribed?
Template Strand
What happens in the initiation process?
The DNA is signaled to unwind or separate, providing a single-stranded template needed for the enzyme to be able to “read” the bases in the one DNA strand.
Name one example where mRNA is used.
Covid-19 vaccine.