Protein
DNA
Processes
RNA
Organelles
100
This protein is needed to polymerize (i.e. synthesize) RNA
RNA polymerase
100
What shape does DNA have?
double helix
100
Process of transcribing DNA to create RNA
transcription
100
RNA has how many strands?
one
100
DNA is located in this organelle
Nucleus
200
The ribosome is partly made of protein. T/F?
True
200
How many strands are in DNA
two strands
200
The process of converting mRNA to protein
translation
200
Transcription takes place in this organelle
Nucleus
300
How many RNA polymerases are usually found in prokaryotes?
one
300
How many different bases (letters) are in DNA
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
four bases (A, T, C, G)
300
what does mRNA stand for?
messenger RNA
300
This organelle is need for translation.
Ribosome
400
How many polymerases are usually found in eukaryotes.
three
400
What base is complementary to adenine (A)?
thymine (T)
400
Three nucleotides back to back are called ____.
codons
400
Translation occurs in this organelle
Cytoplasm or ribosome
500
The two strands of DNA are separated by what protein during transcription?
A. DNA polymerase
B. helicase
C. RNA polymerase
D. ligase
RNA polymerase
500
A segment of DNA that codes for proteins
genes
500
tRNA contains this in order to bind to a complementary codon on mRNA
anticodon
600
All proteins come from the expression of what?
genes
600
The portion of DNA before a gene that tells RNA polymerase where to ATTACH.
A. terminator site
B. promoter
C. genome
D. start codon
Promoter
600
The __ codon in mRNA tells the ribosome where to start translation.
start
600
The ribosome has how many sites for tRNA to bind?
three
700
Eukaryotes require additional proteins called ____ in order to begin transcription.
A. transcription factors
B. Elongations factors
C. RNA polymerase
D. release factor
transcription factors
700
What sugar helps make up the composition of RNA?
ribose
800
The building blocks of protein.
amino acids
800
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and separates the two DNA strands in this step of transcription.
Initiation
800
The __ codon in mRNA tells the ribosome where to stop translation.
stop
900
In addition to RNA polymerase, these proteins are also necessary for the elongation step of transcription.
Elongation factors
900
The region of a gene that tells RNA polymerase where to stop transcribing.
A. promoter
B. terminator site
C. Stop codon
D. none of the above
terminator site
900
RNA contains what base instead of thymine?
uracil (U)
1000
RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand from the __' end to the __' end
3' -->5'
5'-ATGAAC-3'
3'-TACTTG-5'
1000
DNA indirectly codes for ___.
proteins
1100
Once they are made by the ribosome, proteins fold into specific __.
Shapes
1100
What would the complimentary DNA strand be?
5'-AAAGGG-3'
3'-TTTCCC-5'
1100
In the termination step of translation, the __ factor binds to the A site of the ribosome, causing it to release the mRNA and newly translated protein.
release
1200
The amino acid that the start codon AUG codes for.
methionine
1200
Transcribe the following DNA template strand.
3'-AAAGGG-5'
5'-UUUCCC-3'
1200
Transcription and translation collectively are need for ___ ___ (creating protein).
protein synthesis
1200
Name 3 types of RNA produced by RNA polymersase
mRNA, tRNA, miRNA, ribozyme, rRNA