Blood Basics
This is the most common blood product given to pediatric patients.
What are Packed Red Blood Cells?
This blood product is given to patients with thrombocytopenia.
What are platelets?
A baseline set of vital signs must be obtained within this timeframe prior to starting blood products?
What is 30 minutes?
Timeframe in which most transfusion reactions occur.
What is within the first 15 minutes?
This needs to be obtained by a provider prior to transfusing a patient.
What is informed consent?
True or false: Blood products can be infused simultaneously with other medications.
False
If you have multiple points of access and the patient has had the medication before, you can run blood products simultaneously
This product is given to treat anemia with symptomatic low hemoglobin.
What are packed red blood cells?
The only fluid compatible with PRBCs, used to prime your blood tubing.
What is normal saline?
The first thing you do if you suspect a transfusion reaction.
What is stop the transfusion?
True/False: Pump integration is used for blood product administration.
False. But you should use Guardrails.
The maximum amount of time a bag of blood can hang.
What is 4 hours?
Name one blood derivative that is included in the blood product policy but actually comes from pharmacy.
What are IV Immune Globulin (IVIG), albumin, antihemophiliac factors, antithrombin, hemin?
You give this percentage of the total volume over the first 15 minutes when transfusing.
What is 5%?
Name 3 common signs of a PRBC transfusion reaction.
What are: Fever, chills, pruritus, urticaria/hives, SOB/dyspnea, any patient complaint of not feeling well.
The period of time a type and screen is valid.
What is 72 hours?
This is the universal blood donor type.
What is "O"?
This blood product is used to replace multiple coagulation factors in the blood.
What is fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?
The maximum hourly rate you can run PRBCs when giving a standard transfusion.
What is 300 mL/hr?
The definition of a fever in terms of a blood reaction.
What is 1 degree or more above baseline?
The reason blood products must be infused within 30 minutes of leaving the blood bank.
What is to prevent bacterial growth?
Name at least 2 physiological signs that would indicate a patient might be anemic and need PRBCs.
What are dizziness, fatigue, pallor, tachycardia, SOB
Treat the patient, not the labs!
For full units of PRBCs where the exact volume is not noted, what is the volume we use in pediatrics?
What is 300mL?
The first set of vital signs once a transfusion has begun occurs at this time mark.
What is 15 minutes after the start of the infusion?
BONUS - when is the next set of vitals due to be taken?
In addition to labs, these things are also collected and sent to the blood bank when a transfusion reaction is being worked up.
What are the bag of blood, administration set, and any attached solutions?
All of these things should be collected and hand delivered to the blood bank with the transfusion reaction form.
The reason it is especially important to calculate transfusion volume carefully in pediatrics.
What is small children are at a higher risk for fluid overload?