Perfusion/
Respiratory
Respiratory
Diagnostic tests that is best for diagnosing myocardial infarction
Troponin
This part of the eye creates the ability to focus.
lens
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
unintentional weight loss, tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations, tremor, sweating, sensitivity to heat
What causes Guillain-Barre syndrome?
An infection
Which member of the surgical team is responsible for marking the surgical site?
The surgeon
This nutritional component is critical for immunity.
Protein
pH 7.32
PCO2 55
HCO3 29
Respiratory acidosis
(partially compensated)
A person with COPD's oxygen saturation should "typically" be within what range?
High 80s to low 90's
The term for nearsightedness
Myopia
Risk factors for diabetes mellitus
elevated Hgb A1C, family history, having gestational diabetes, fast blood sugar above the normal level
What is the first action if you notice a client having a seizure?
Turn the client on their side.
This places a client at the greatest risk of contracting c-diff.
Recent antibiotic usage
In elderly clients this could indicate fluid volume excess when delivering IV fluids
Hypertension.
If fluids are given too quickly older adults may not be able to tolerate the increased fluid which leads to elevated bp
Caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, fever, pain, PE. Any alteration that causes removal of CO2
pH is high and CO2 is low
Respiratory alkalosis
What is a brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) that is elevated indicative of?
Heart failure
Signs and symptoms of macular degeneration
dry - straight lines appear curved, blurry/reduced central vision, difficulty seeing in low light.
Wet - quick loss of central vision
Usual cause of bell's palsy
Cause(s) of multiple sclerosis (MS)
autoimmune disorder that destroys the myelin sheath of nerves of the brain and spinal cord
This laboratory test should be monitored for elevation in client's with a history of chronic inflammation.
ESR - elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Full thickness would with fat and slough present.
Stage III pressure injury
Term for blood in the urine.
hematuria
General Signs/Symptoms of PVD
intermittent claudication, cool lower extremity, sores on lower extremity, hair loss, shiny skin
Sudden appearance of floaters and/or a shadow over a person's visual field.
retinal detachment
Major cause of type 1 diabetes
autoimmune process. insulin producing cells of the pancreas are destroyed, resulting in a lack of insulin.
Slow, rigid movements and a shuffling gait are indicative of which disorder?
Parkinson's disease
You are assessing a surgical wound that has separated and abdominal contents are protruding. What is this called?
Wound evisceration
Decreased platelets
Thrombocytopenia
This is the primary clinical manifestation that indicates a client with a UTI has advancement to pyelonephritis.
flank pain
What is a normal value for the ankle-brachial index?
1-1.29 is normal
0.41-0.9 is mild to moderate PAD
0.91- 0.99 is borderline PAD
0-0.4 is PAD
If your vision is 20/20, what does this mean when using the Snellen chart?
Most people see at 20 feet, what you see at 20 feet. This is considered normal vision
Water deprivation is used for which disorder?
Diabetes insipidus
What should a nurse teach a client with myasthenia gravis about their medication?
Always keep extra doses of the medication available at all times. Extra doses should be kept in the car.
Elevated red blood cells
Risk factors for Acinetobacter baumannii.
Recent surgery
central lines, tracheostomy, mechanical ventilator, enteral feedings
What are the phases of the operative period?
preoperative- begins when surgery is planned and ends when patient is transferred to the operating table
intraoperative -begins with transfer to operating table and ends when the patient is in the recovery room.
postoperative - begins with admission the the pacu and ends when healing is complete
perioperative - covers all periods until healing is completed
These are things that require immediate action by a nurse when assessing patients.
ABC's
airway, breathing, circulation
Clinical manifestation of cataracts.
Double vision, blurry vision, trouble seeing fine details, halos
Low levels of this electrolyte places clients at risk for seizures.
Sodium (hyponatremia)
What should a patient with ALS be taught about the medications that he/she will be prescribed?
They are not a cure, only a treatment for symptoms.
Anxiety disorder increases the risk for which acid-base imbalance?
Respiratory alkalosis
(due to hyperventilation that leads to loss of CO2
What is the pathophysiology of the disease process of osteoporosis?
Osteoclastic activity is greater than osteoblastic activity
pp. 1205-1206 (bone loss occurs when bone resorption or osteoclastic activity is greater than bone building or osteoblastic activity. This results in decreased bone mineral density.
When monitoring a client postoperatively what is the priority for the nurse?
Monitor oxygen saturation.
ABCs are used to prioritize client care.