Initiation
What codon starts the initiation on the charged tRNA?
What is the AUG or the start codon?
True or False: There are three classes of elongation factor proteins.
What is False?
How many stop codons are there?
What is 3?
Translation occurs where in a eukaryotic cell?
What is the cytoplasm?
What is the role of a peptide bond?
What is hold the polypeptide chain together?
What is a the location that a charged tRNA and the amino acid methionine bind to in initiation?
What is the P or peptidyl site?
What is the molecule that Ef-G binds to that allows the translocation along the mRNA strand?
What is GTP?
Which release factors recognize stop codons?
What is RF1 and RF2?
Where does translation occur in prokaryotic cells?
What is the cytoplasm?
Describe the role of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in translation.
What does the start codon code for in Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes?
What N-formyl-methionine (fMet) and what is methionine?
What enzyme forms the bond between the amino acids in the peptide sequence?
What is peptidyl transferase?
Name 4 different components that are all independently released after termination of the complex is completed.
What is the 50S subunit, 30S subunit, RF, and mRNA?
What are the Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic ribosomal subunits?
What is 30S and 50S for Prokaryotic? What is 40S and 60S in Eukaryotic?
Identify the total number of codons available, and the approximate total range of tRNA in the cell and describe how the numbers being so different is possible.
What is total codons is 61 while total different tRNAs is 30-50? This is possible due to the wobble position that allows multiple codons to code for one tRNA that holds an amino acid.
What molecule does IF2 bind to to facilitate tRNA(fMet) binding to the 30S subunit?
What is GTP?
What are notable features of the two ends that the polypeptide chain begin and end at?
What is begins at the N-terminus and ends at the C-terminus?
At what site do termination factors interact with in the translation rRNA complex?
What is the A site?
Identify the sequences used to initiate Eukaryotic translation versus Prokaryotic translation.
What is the Shine-Delgarno sequence in Prokaryotes? What is the Kozak sequence in Eukaryotes?
Use the mRNA sequence 5'-AUG-ACU-UAU-AGG-3' to write the corresponding anticodon sequence.
What is 3'-UAC-UGA-AUA-UCC-5'?
What does initiation factor 3, IF3, bind to and do within initiation?
What is binds to the 30S subunit and prevents the 50S subunit from rebinding?
What protein allows for a charged tRNA to bind during elongation, and what site does it bind to?
What is Ef-Tu, and what is the A site?
What event triggers the RF1 or RF2 (depending on the stop codon) to break the final polypeptide bond from the tRNA?
What is hydrolysis of RF3?
What catalyzes the attachment of the correct amino acid to tRNA and what is the location of attachment called?
What is aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase? What is the acceptor arm?
Identify/label all components and structure of a charged tRNA molecule. Only include what is given in your lecture notes.
Slide 5/20 in Chapter 15 Notes.