States & Properties
This ionized gas state of matter forms when gases get very hot, such as in lightning or the Auroras.
What is plasma?
This passive process involves the movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
What is diffusion?
Osmosis is specifically the movement of _____ molecules across a differentially permeable membrane.
What is water?
Unlike diffusion, active transport moves molecules from a region of low concentration to a region of _____ concentration.
What is high concentration?
This vital gas diffuses out of the alveoli of the lungs and into the blood to be carried to all body cells.
What is oxygen?
These properties can be measured and observed without changing the chemical composition of the material.
What are physical properties?
____________ __________ is the difference in the concentration of a substance between two distinct areas.
What is a concentration gradient?
This term describes a membrane that allows only some particles to pass through it while blocking others.
What is a differentially permeable membrane?
Active transport requires cellular energy and these specific structures embedded in the membrane to move molecules.
What are carrier proteins?
Plants use active transport to pull nitrates and minerals into their roots from this external source.
What is the soil?
This state of matter features particles that are closely packed in a regular arrangement and only vibrate in fixed positions.
What is a solid?
Diffusion happens more quickly as this factor increases because the particles gain more kinetic energy.
What is temperature?
This cellular structure serves as a real-world biological example of a differentially permeable membrane.
What is a cell membrane?
This is the phrase used to describe molecules moving opposite to their concentration gradient during active transport.
What is moving against the concentration gradient?
This waste product diffuses from liver cells into the bloodstream after the breakdown of amino acids.
What is urea?
This general term describes both liquids and gases because they lack a definite shape and yield to external pressure.
What is a fluid?
Diffusion can only happen in these two states of matter because their particles are free to move from place to place.
What are liquids and gases?
During osmosis, water molecules always move toward __ ___________ solution.
What is a concentrated solution?
The cellular energy required for active transport is produced by this specific metabolic process inside cells.
What is cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits plant leaves through these specialized microscopic pores.
What are stomata?
This chemical property refers to how easily a substance bursts into flames or catches fire.
What is flammability (or combustibility)?
This type of passive process does not require this specific type of energy from a cell to occur.
What is cellular energy?
Osmosis continues to occur until these dissolved particles reach an equal concentration on both sides of the membrane.
What are solutes?
What is the actual biological definition of respiration?
What is the breakdown of digested food inside cells to produce energy?
This specific nutrient is absorbed in the intestines by diffusion until the gradient reverses, forcing active transport to take over.
What is glucose?