Feet & Partial Feet
Name 3 disarticulations (not including phalanges)
Chopart, Lisfranc, Symes
Name 3 prosthetic causes of a short step
Pain in socket
Excessive planter flexion
Insufficient socket flexion
Toe lever too long
What is a cause of antero-distal pressure?
Bottoming out
What markings are made during casting
Tibial Crest
Tibial tuberosity
Medial Tibial Plateau
Medial Tibial border
Distal Tib
Fibular head
Distal Fib
MPT
Problem points
Is a fibular deficiency a longitudinal or transverse deficiency?
longitudinal
Describe a patient who would qualify for a dynamic response foot
K3 or K4 description
Variable cadence
What are the amputee causes (3) of a trendelenburg gait
Weak hip musculature
Weak gluteus minimus
Poor gait habits
Name two ways you can fix pain at the distal tibia
Heat relieve the area
pretibial pads
add sock ply
List the measurements taken
Circumferential
Length of residuum
Length of tibia
What is the #1 reason for amputation in the United States?
vascular disease
Name 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of a Symes amputation
Long lever arms
Limited room for distal componentry
Name a prosthetic solution for a drop off deviation
Lengthen the toe lever
Extend the socket
plantarflex the foot
What is a solution to lateral proximal - medial distal pressure?
ABduct the socket
Inset the foot
Evert the foot
Internally rotate the foot
What are the limb position for each socket casting
PTB - 20 degrees flexion
Hybrid and TSB - neutral
What is unique to bench alignment of a PTB socket?
5 degrees of flexion
Which is the lowest K level can use a SACH foot and a single axis foot?
K2
How would you correct amputee causes of a circumducted gait?
Gait training
How does the heel lever affect first rocker?
Long heel lever:
sudden knee flexion moment
short step
Name the 4 T’s of socket design
Total contact, Total contouring, Total control, Total comfort
Name 3 benefits of using CAD
greater precision/improved accuracy
reproducibility
consistency of modification patterns
time savings
What are 2 treatment options for a hallux amputation?
cosmetic silicone, toe filler/spacer, diabetic foot orthotics, morton’s extension
Describe how an excessively externally rotated foot affects gait
Causes External rotation of knee at toe off
Induces “medial whip”
Drop off at end of stance phase
Causes Low back pain
Causes skin irritation due to rotational stress in socket
what causes an anterior distal and posterior proximal pressure? How do you fix it?
Socket is too flexed: extend the socket
Foot too dorsiflexed: plantarflex the socket
Socket is too anterior
Describe the difference between a PTB and TSB
PTB - deeper MPT modification and flexion in bench alignment
What are 3 things used in post-surgical management?
soft dressing, ace bandage, shrinkers, figure 8 compression bandage, rigid dressing, PSRD, IPOP, IPSF, or EPOP