Head Games
This is most common cause of head injury in all age groups.
What are falls?
This sign of pericardial tamponade includes hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds.
What is Beck’s Triad?
This is the single most important clinical indication for emergent laparotomy in both blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma.
What is hemodynamic instability or shock?
This syndrome presents with greater motor weakness in the upper extremities than the lower, often due to hyperextension injuries.
What is central cord syndrome?
This vital sign is often the last to change in pediatric shock, making it a late and ominous sign.
What is blood pressure?
3 emergency interventions to acutely lower increased intracranial pressure.
What are hyperventilation, osmotic/diuretic agents, and elevation?
This exam is more accurate than chest x-ray for identifying a pneumothorax during the primary trauma survey.
What is the E-FAST exam?
In pediatric patients, this solid organ is the most commonly injured in blunt abdominal trauma.
What is the spleen?
This unstable fracture results from axial loading on C1 and is classically associated with shallow water diving.
What is a Jefferson fracture?
Age in years/4 + 3.5
What is the cuffed ET tube size?
This eponymous sign, often seen behind the ear, is a classic finding in basilar skull fractures.
What is Battle’s sign?
This rare but deadly injury is suspected when there's subcutaneous air, pneumomediastinum, and a persistent air leak after chest tube placement.
What is a tracheobronchial injury?
These two types of intra-abdominal injuries are often missed on CT, leading to delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity.
What are small bowel and mesenteric injuries?
On a lateral C-spine X-ray, this space between the anterior face of the dens and the tubercle of C1 should not exceed 3 mm in adults.
What is the predental space?
In pediatric patients, this solid organ is the most commonly injured in blunt abdominal trauma.
What is the spleen?
This CT finding is crescent-shaped, crosses suture lines, and typically results from venous bleeding.
What is a subdural hematoma?
This clinical sign—a crunching sound heard over the chest—may be heard in patients with tracheobronchial injury or pneumomediastinum.
What is Hamman’s Crunch?
This external sign often signals underlying injuries like bowel perforation, mesenteric avulsion, or solid organ trauma following a motor vehicle collision.
What is the seatbelt sign?
This condition features hypotension and bradycardia from autonomic ganglia disruption, and must be differentiated from hemorrhagic shock.
What is neurogenic shock?
In pediatric cervical spine imaging, a prevertebral soft tissue width of more than 7 mm at C2 suggests this.
What is a retropharyngeal hematoma?
This type of herniation causes ipsilateral fixed dilated pupil and contralateral hemiparesis due to oculomotor nerve compression.
What is uncal herniation?
This life-saving procedure is indicated when a hemothorax drains more than 200 mL/hour for three consecutive hours.
What is a thoracotomy?
After binding the pelvis in a hemodynamically unstable patient with a negative FAST, this is the next best step.
What is pelvic angiography?
Name four unstable C-spine injuries.
What are:
?
This imaging line helps differentiate true subluxation from normal pediatric pseudosubluxation at C2-C3.
What is the Swischuk line?