Trauma Basics
Event, Experience, Effects
What are the 3 E’s of trauma?
Amygdala
What brain structure is overactive due to trauma?
A 1876 Canadian law that controlled Indigenous Peoples’ land, culture, and rights.
What is the Indian Act?
5-4-3-2-1 method, deep breathing, mindfulness, sensory grounding.
What is one grounding technique used to manage trauma symptoms?
The ability to manage emotions effectively.
What is emotional regulation?
Safety, Trustworthiness & Transparency, Peer Support, Collaboration & Mutuality, Empowerment & Choice, Cultural & Gender Sensitivity
What are the 6 principles of Trauma-Informed Practice?
The brain’s ability to rewire and adapt over time.
What is neuroplasticity?
10 categories of childhood trauma that increase mental/physical health risks.
What are Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)?
Close relationships, positive school experiences, high self-esteem, social skills, internal locus of control.
What are Rutter’s indicators of resilience?
Rescuing, over-identification, minimization, blaming.
What is a “practice trap” in trauma-informed care?
Secure, Avoidant, Anxious/Ambivalent, Disorganized
What are the four main attachment styles?
Causes memory gaps, dissociation, flashbacks, and difficulty recalling details.
What is the effect of trauma on memory?
Cultural loss, intergenerational trauma, mental health issues, substance abuse.
What are some impacts of the residential school system?
Play therapy, structured environments, safe relationships.
What is one intervention for trauma recovery in children.
Exercise, therapy, mindfulness, setting boundaries.
What is a self-care strategy for professionals working with trauma survivors?
Repeated, prolonged exposure to trauma, often in childhood.
What is complex trauma?
Chronic pain, digestive issues, immune dysfunction, cardiovascular risks.
What is one physical effect of trauma?
A lifelong learning approach that acknowledges the limits of one’s cultural knowledge.
What is cultural humility?
CBT, EMDR
What is a common therapy for adults recovering from trauma?
Coping strategies = immediate self-regulation; treatments = long-term healing.
What is the difference between coping strategies and treatments?
Explains how trauma is passed down through behaviors, genetics, and social environments.
What is the Trauma Transmission Model?
Trauma can change gene expression and be inherited by future generations.
What is epigenetics?
Educate yourself, use welcoming language, offer access to Indigenous Elders, support traditional healing practices.
What are ways to promote cultural safety in trauma-informed practice?
The process of experiencing physical symptoms due to psychological trauma.
What is somatization?
Self-reflection, cultural humility, power dynamics awareness, intersectionality, challenging racism, advocacy & allyship.
What are the 6 concepts of the Anti-Racism practice standard?