Head Trauma
Symptoms occur as follows : 1st – loss of consciousness
2nd- awake, normal
3rd- restless, agitated, confused
4th- coma (herniation)
What are symptoms of a epidural hematoma?
Monitoring Blood pressure?
What is a pt receiving mannitol?
Battle sign, raccoon eyes and CSF leaking are symptoms of this.
What is a basilar skull fracture?
What is a normal map?
65 or >
This is an uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in the brain
What is a seizure
Symptoms occur immediately following this trauma and usually resolve after 24 hours?
What is a concussion?
Early signs of ICP
change in LOC
change in Mental status
Pupillary changes
hemiparesis
headache
Assesses best eye response, motor response and verbal response.
What is GCS?
Isotonic Fluids
Vasopressors
What is How do we raise MAP?
No loss of consciousness, last 1 min, deja with aphasia
What is a simple partial seizure
When left untreated hematomas can cause this, which can lead to poor patient prognosis.
What is a brain stem herniation?
BP 125/86
What is MAP of 96
Graded on a scale of 0-5, 0 being no movement and 5 being full strength.
What is motor strength?
It is important to educate the patient and family on __________ following a concussion.
What are the signs of increased ICP?
Hypoxia, head injury, stroke, abscess, tumor, drug or alcohol, fever
What is Risk factors for a seizure?
Depressed and comminuted fracture cause concern for this complication.
What is a hemorrhage?
Drilling holes in the skull to relieve pressure
What is burr holes?
With this procedure, we can visualize aneurysms, narrowed vessels or hemorrhages.
What is a cerebral arteriogram?
The nurse must ensure the patient has _______ before having MRI, contrast or invasive procedures.
What is consent?
These are seizure triggers
stress, increased physical activity, sleep deprivation,
flashing lights, caffeine intake
We can use phenytoin to treat this complication often associated with hematomas.
What is a seizure?
If ICP is increase
What is CPP is decreased?
This procedure is non invasive and is used to visualize carotid arteries.
What is carotid flow studies, carotid ultrasound?
Patient’s MAP is 85 & ICP is 10 CPP is________.
What is 75?
lack of oxygen
what is the biggest complication of brain damage