Behavioral Therapy
Therapies that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid.
Exposure therapy
or
Exposure therapies
A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.
Lobotomy
Giving the speaker empathetic attention by echoing, restating, and clarifying what the speaker said so they know you were paying attention.
Active listening
Freud's theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts.
Psychoanalysis
An approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
Eclectic approach
Prescribed medicine used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.
A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.
Unconditional Positive Regard
The mental process by which one word or image may spontaneously suggest another without any apparent connection.
Free associations
Treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.
Psychotherapy
The method in which points or tokens are given for desired behavior that can be used to gain a reward.
Token Economy
Prescribed medication used to control anxiousness and agitation.
Anti-anxiety drugs
A therapy developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, emphatic environment to facilitate clients' growth.
Client-Centered Therapy
The analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
Interpretations
The tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.
Regression toward the Mean
The method of a negative stimulus being added to discourage a behavior.
Aversive conditioning
A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Saves money and great for family conflicts; it also allows people to realize there are people out there with the same problem.
Group Therapy
Therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.
Psycho-dynamic therapy
A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.
Meta-analysis
A behavioral technique commonly used to treat fear, anxiety disorders and phobias. The person is engaged in a relaxation exercise and gradually exposed to an anxiety-producing stimulus.
Systematic desensitization
Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of anti-psychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors.
Tardive dyskinesia
The psychotherapist refrains from giving advice or interpretations as the client is helped to identify conflicts and to clarify and understand feelings and values.
Non-directive therapy
The patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).
Transference
Exposes you to anxiety; provoking situation at the highest level of fear all at once (for a long time).
Flooding