Basic Facts
On this date, Treaty 4 was signed.
What is September 15th, 1874?
Signing Treaties was a binding agreement between First Nations and this colonial monarchy.
Who is "The Queen" or "The Crown"
This was the traditional method of the Crown to document historic events.
What is the written record?
This provision saw that these lands set aside for First Nations could not be bought or sold privately.
What is a Reserve?
Due to the near extinction of this animal that had once roamed the plains in abundance, First Nations Chiefs felt the need to sign a treaty to avoid starvation of their people.
What are the buffalo?
Treaty 4 is located primarily in this province, as well as Treaties 8, 10, 6, and 2.
What is Saskatchewan
This Crown representative played a key role in Treaty negotiations.
Who is Lieutenant Governor Alexander Morris?
This is the traditional record of historic events and legacies of First Nations.
What is Oral tradition?
First Nations were to be given supplies if they chose to "break ground" or this, on the reserve...without much help otherwise.
What is farming and agriculture?
The Crown (newly formed Dominion government) knew that by signing the Treaty, they would receive all rights to this, something First Nations people had in abundance.
What are all rights, and titles to lands?
Treaty 4 was first signed in these locations.
What are Fort Qu'Appelle and Fort Ellice?
Treaties had to be signed between First Nations and the Crown' representatives because of this document.
What is The Royal Proclamation of 1763?
This First Nations tradition occurred at the signing of the Treaty, a symbol of mutual trust and obligation among the people involved.
What is the pipe ceremony?
While the Treaty promised each reserve would have a school, and a teacher, this occured instead...not what First Nations agreed to.
What are Residential Schools?
First Nations agreed that Treaty was a way to this - an "A" word that informed how to live "with" the newcomers, not the other "A" word, assimilate - a way to live "like" the newcomers.
What is adapt?
These Treaties between First Nations and Europeans occurred long before the numbered treaties in hopes of maintaining peace and harmony.
What are Peace and Friendship Treaties?
These First Nations bands sent representatives to negotiate Treaty 4 on thier behalf.
Who are the Cree, sualteaux, and Assiniboine First Nations?
According to oral records, the spirit and intent of Treaty for was to not cede the land.. but this instead.
What is share the land?
Because the Treaty provisions would last in perpetuity, this amount of money is still given annually to every First Nations man, woman, and child (who holds a treaty card), and to every Chief. Didn't really keep up with inflation...
What is $5.00 and $25.00?
Encroachment from these groups pressured First Nations into signing.
Who are white settlers, and American traders?
This phrase is recorded indicating the length of time Treaties would last.
As long as the sun shines, and the rivers flow.
This Saulteux Chief was quoted as saying, "We want money" to compensate for the sale of land to the Crown, done without First Nations consent.
Who is Chief Pasqua?
First Nations hoped that by signing the Treaty, these people would be taken care of many years down the road.
Who are the future generations?
This clause was not fully explained to First Nations and allowed the Crown to take lands First Nations believed were shared, for settlement, mining, or other reasons, further confining First Nations to reserves.
What is the "taken up" clause?
Above all, the spirit and intent of the Treaties were that First Nations would remain these, remaining in control of their education, governance, and spiritual ceremonies.
What are sovereign nations?