Terms of the Treaty
Which specific clause in the Treaty justified reparations by holding Germany accountable for all war damage?
231
What political nickname was given to the Treaty by the German population, symbolizing their anger over its terms?
The “Dictated Peace” (Diktatfrieden).
Name two types of military equipment Germany was forbidden to have.
Airplanes and submarines
What changes were made on Germany's Western borders
2 Political Uprisings
Kapp Putsch
Munich Putsch
What was the principle behind the League of Nations’ control of certain territories like Danzig?
To ensure international oversight and avoid conflict through mandates.
What term was given to the Weimar politicians by many Germans? BONUS - How many were assassinated?
"November Criminals" - they were accused of betraying Germany by signing the armistice and the Treaty.
376
Lloyd George Aims
Moderate Treaty: Money
‘Make Germany Pay’
Overseas colonies
Naval supremacy
Trade
What changes were made on Germany's eastern borders?
Economic Impact (4 reasons)
Reparations
Land Loss
Ruhr Occupation
Loss of tax
Unemployment
What was the name of the clause that forbade Germany from uniting with Austria?
The Anschluss clause.
What percentage of the German electorate supported extremist parties like the Nazis during the early 1920s as a reaction to the Treaty?
30%
What was the maximum size of the German army, navy and airforce allowed under the Treaty?
100,000 men + no consciption
No airforce
20,000 men in navy + 6 ships + no subs
Germany lost approximately:
Political Impact (3 reasons)
Turn to extremism
Putsches
Assassinations
Why did the Treaty include the demilitarization of the Rhineland, according to the Allies?
To create a buffer zone that would protect France from future German aggression.
What was the long-term political consequence of Germany not being allowed to join the League of Nations?
It isolated Germany diplomatically and fueled resentment toward the Allies.
Clemenceau Aims
Harsh Treaty: Revenge
Reparations
Alsace Lorraine
Independent Rhineland
Reduced Military
What happened to the colonies?
What were the successor states? Name 4
Poland / Czechoslovakia / Yugoslavia / Austria / Hungary / Latvia / Lithuania / Estonia / Finland / Turkey
What economic justification did France provide for being given control of the Saar coalfields?
To compensate for war damages and rebuild France’s war-ravaged economy.
Which military uprising explicitly targeted the Weimar government due to its perceived weakness in signing the Treaty?
The Kapp Putsch in 1920.
Wilson Aims (including 5 14 points)
Nice Treaty: Peace
Self-determination
League of Nations
Democracy
Disarmament
What plebiscites happened? What were the results?
Explain the Occupation of the Ruhr
1923 when France and Belgium invaded Germany's industrial heartland after it failed to pay reparations. They seized coal and industrial goods as compensation. German workers responded with passive resistance, worsening the economy. Violence ensued, with 100 Germans killed, 100,000 expelled, and hyperinflation spiraling.