Terms & Definitions
What is an iwi?
In what year was the Treaty of Waitangi signed?
1840
Who was the British Governor who signed the Treaty of Waitangi?
William Hobson
What is Aoraki's English name?
Mount Cook
Why do iwi have grievances with the Treaty?
Because they feel the British cheated them in the two different versions / translations; they feel the British were aggressive in their land trades; etc.
What is "people of the land; indigenous people"?
Tangata Whenua
What date is known as Waitangi Day?
February 6th
Who was the first Māori rangatira to sign the Treaty?
Hone Heke (Hone Wiremu Hene Pokai)
Aoraki is on Ngai Tahu land. In which province / region is it?
Canterbury
Name a protest or conflict from the 1800s.
Hone Heke cuts down the flagpole at Kororāreka four times (between 1844–1845);
War in the north: British troops and their Māori allies fought against Māori led by Hōne Heke and Kawiti after these chiefs’ forces sacked Kororāreka (1845–1846);
New Zealand Wars (1860);
Tītokowaru headed a strong resistance to land confiscation in south Taranaki (1868);
Te Whiti o Rongomai encouraged his followers to uproot survey pegs and plough up roads built on land they considered to be theirs. There were arrests and after further peaceful resistance, the government sent an armed force into the Taranaki town of Parihaka. (5 November 1881)
What does "sovereignty" mean?
Full power or authority
In what year was the Waitangi Tribunal established?
1975
Who was Henry Williams, the missionary?
The man who wrote up and translated the Treaty into te reo, along with his son, the night before the signing.
What happened after the settlement?
The Crown returned Aoraki to Ngai Tahu, who then symbolically gifted it back to all New Zealanders.
Name a significant protest against the Treaty in the 1980s.
Waitangi Day in 1984 a hīkoi from Ngāruawāhia to Waitangi was organised.
Around 4,000 protesters assembled at Waitangi, hoping to meet with Governor-General David Beattie, but they were prevented from crossing the Waitangi bridge.
What does "kawanatanga" mean?
Governance
What year was Matariki given its own public holiday?
2022
Name at least three of the groups of people who wanted the Treaty in the first place.
The British Crown; traders; sealers; whalers; sailors; Māori rangatira who wanted to trade; missionaries.
What does Aoraki represent to the iwi?
It represents the most sacred of ancestors, from whom Ngai Tahu descend. These ancestors represent the iwi’s culture and identity.
The ancestor embodied in the mountain is seen as Aoraki, and is the visible link between the supernatural and the natural world.
Thousands of Maori and supporters marched on Parliament on 13 October 1975 to publicise the continued loss of Māori land. It is known as The Land March. Who led the March? W_____ C________
Whina Cooper
What does "tino rangatiratanga" mean
Chieftanship
What year did Nga Tahu's Aoraki Claim settle at the Waitangi Tribunal?
Double Jeopardy if you can say how long it took from the initial land sale to have Aoraki returned to the iwi!
1998
Approximately 150 years
Name one reason why rangatira opposed the Treaty.
Some were not prepared to compromise their independence. Others could see no benefit in the Treaty. Some did not like the British and preferred the French. Some just did not trust the process after the Declaration of Independence.
Ngāi Tahu chiefs complained about the forceful and unfair ways the Crown and British settlers were purchasing their lands. They felt it broke the agreement set out in the Treaty. What was the agreement in the Treaty?
Māori were guaranteed tino rangatiratanga - complete chieftainship and control over their lands, dwelling places, and all other possessions.
What was Bastion Point Protest about?
Protesters occupied Bastion Point (Takaparawhā) golf course in Auckland in January 1977 after the government announced a housing development on former Ngāti Whātua reserve land.
The land had been gradually reduced in size by compulsory acquisition, leaving the Ngāti Whātua ki Ōrākei tribal group holding less than 1 hectare.
Police evicted the occupiers after 506 days. Following a Waitangi Tribunal inquiry and recommendations, much of the land was returned to or vested with Ngāti Whātua.