Periodic Table Basics
What do you call a vertical column on the periodic table?
A group/chemical family
Which group contains the alkali metals?
Group 1
Which group are noble gases found in?
Group 18
Which group are the halogens in?
Group 17
Who created the first periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
What do you call a horizontal row on the periodic table?
A period
Name one alkali metal.
lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr)
How do noble gases usually behave in chemical reactions?
They don't react because they are stable.
Name one halogen.
fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (At), and tennessine (Ts)
How many elements were known in Mendeleev’s time?
63 elements
What do elements in the same group have in common?
They have similar chemical and physical properties
Which group are alkaline earth metals found in?
Group 2
Which noble gas is used in balloons?
Helium
What safety concern is associated with many halogens?
They can be poisonous
What is Dmitri Mendeleev known as?
The father of the periodic table
How did Dmitri Mendeleev originally arrange the elements in his periodic table (left to right)?
By increasing atomic mass
Give one property of alkali metals.
Soft, shiny, very reactive, low density
What happens to noble gases when electricity passes through them?
They glow with bright colours
Why are halogens rarely found alone in nature?
They are very reactive
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his table?
He believed that there were elements yet to be discovered.
If an element is missing from a group, what can we predict about it?
Its properties based on nearby elements
Why are alkaline earth metals used in fireworks?
They burn with bright, colourful flames
Which noble gas glows red in signs?
Neon
Give one real-world use of a halogen.
Chlorine to kill bacteria in pools, iodine to disinfect cuts, bromine to increase a bulb's lifespan/brightness
What did Mendeleev do in his periodic table to predict new elements?
He left gaps for undiscovered elements