What's Happening (pathophysiology)
This body system increases heart rate and causes vasoconstriction during stress
sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
A blood pressure less than ______indicates hypotension
<90/60
Name at least 3 symptoms of hypotension
Dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, fatigue, blurred vision, clammy skin, rapid & weak pulse, confusion, fainting
The nurse should notify the provider if the patient presents with this severely elevated blood pressure number
>/180/120
Name at least 2 ADRs of ACE Inhibitors "-pril"
Double points to name all 4!
severe hypotension, rash, angioedema, dry cough
This system causes sodium and water retention, increasing blood volume and blood pressure
RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)
"Normal" blood pressure is what?
120/80
Name at least 4 common causes of hypertension
family history, older age, obesity, high salt diet, inactivity, smoking, tobacco use, excessive alcohol, chronic stress, diabetes, high cholesterol
This should be monitored daily when taking a diuretic
daily weight
Angioedema and hyperkalemia are serious adverse effects of....
ARBs "-Sartan" e.g. Losartan
Name at least 3 causes of Primary (essential) hypertension)
age, high salt intake, insulin resistance, obesity, high alcohol intake, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, stress
Hypertension Stage 1 is what value?
130-139/80-89
Untreated hypertension can increase the risk for this neurologic event
stroke
The nurse should encourage this diet for patients with hypertension
Low sodium DASH diet
A client taking calcium channel blockers ("-dipINE") should avoid this beverage
grapefruit juice
Chronic overactivity of this system increases heart rate, cardiac output, and vasoconstriction
Sympathetic Nervous System Overactivation
Hypertension Stage 2 is what?
140+ / 90+
This heart condition may develop when the heart works against increased pressure over time
Double Jeopardy!
heart failure
The nurse is caring for a patient with a blood pressure of 80/40. Name at least 2 nursing intervnetions.
Position patient supine with legs elevated, give fluids, apply oxygen, monitor for shock, notify provider
A nurse knows to hold this medication if the client's HR is <60
Beta Blockers ("-olol")
This is the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
Preload
What is Hypertensive Crisis?
180+ / 120+
Untreated hypertension can lead to this type of chronic kidney problem
chronic kidney disease (CKD)
The nurse should notify a provider if a patient has these signs/symptoms of hypertensive emergency
Name at least 2. Double points to name all 5!
chest pain, severe headache, vision changes, confusion, shortness of breath
Thiazide diuretics cause a loss of this electrolyte
Potassium K+