Brain Anatomy and Physiology 🧠
What part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
The Cerebellum
What medical term means the body's severe and overactive inflammatory response to infection, which can be a life-threatening medical emergency.
Sepsis
What type of memory involves conscious recall of facts and events?
Explicit Memory
What common medication was first discovered as a mold that killed bacteria?
Penicillin
Which drug blocks adenosine receptors, helping people stay awake?
Caffeine
Which two lobes of the brain are responsible for processing visual and auditory information?
Occipital (Visual) and Temporal (Auditory)
Which part of the human body has no blood supply and gets oxygen directly from the air?
Cornea of the eye
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with mood regulation and is often linked to depression?
Serotonin
What is the primary organ for drug metabolism?
LIVER
What brain imaging technique uses radioactive tracers to measure metabolic activity and blood flow in the brain?
PET Scan (Positron Emission Tomography)
What is the insulating layer around the axons that speeds up neural transmission?
Myelin Sheath
What is the smallest bone in the human body and where is it located?
Stapes located in the middle of the ear
What neurological disorder is caused by progressive memory loss and is associated with beta-amyloid plaques?
Alzheimer’s disease
What anesthetic is commonly known as laughing gas?
Nitrous
What famous case study involved a railroad worker whose personality changed after a tamping iron accident?
Phineas Gage
Which part of the brain helps regulate sleep-wake cycles by responding to light cues and controlling melatonin release?
Hypothalamus
Which organ is the only one that can regenerate itself significantly after surgery?
LIVER
Which brain region is key for regulating emotions, especially fear?
The Amygdala
What medical device company, founded in 1999 and headquartered in San Diego, manufacturers blood glucose monitors for diabetes management?
Dexcom
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is commonly used to treat which movement disorder?
Parkinson’s disease
Which part of the brainstem is responsible for regulating essential life functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure?
The medulla oblongata
What is the only nerve in the human body that exits the brain dorsally?
The trochlear nerve
What is the term for difficulty recognizing familiar faces, often caused by damage to the fusiform gyrus?
Prosopagnosia
Which neurotransmitter is depleted by the drug Reserpine?
Dopamine
The "split-brain" studies of patients with severed corpus callosums were conducted by which neuroscientist?
Roger Sperry