Biological & Cognitive Psychology
What part of the neuron receives incoming information?
Dendrites
What is the variable that the experimenter manipulates in a study?
Independent variable
The tendency to adjust behavior to match a group’s norms is called what?
Conformity
Which disorder is characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest?
Major depressive disorder
What type of psychologist focuses on workplace behavior and productivity?
Industrial-organizational psychologist
Which brain structure is primarily responsible for memory formation?
Hippocampus
A p-value less than .05 typically indicates what?
A statistically significant result
Which classic experiment studied supposedly used electric shocks on their participants?
Milgram experiment
Excessive anxiety not tied to any specific threat best describes which disorder?
Generalized anxiety disorder
In Piaget’s theory, which stage involves learning object permanence?
Sensorimotor stage
According to classical conditioning, what type of learning occurs through association?
Associative learning
What type of error occurs when a true null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected?
Type I error
What bias refers to favoring your own group over others?
Ingroup bias
False sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices, are known as what?
Hallucinations
What form of therapy involves gradual exposure to a feared stimulus?
Systematic desensitization
Which neurotransmitter is linked to mood regulation and depression?
Serotonin
Which correlation coefficient indicates the strongest relationship: +0.75, –0.85, or +0.25?
–0.85
The tendency to overemphasize personal traits and underestimate situational factors when judging others is known as what?
Fundamental attribution error
Repeated unwanted thoughts and ritualistic behaviors are characteristic of which disorder?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the main conflict faced in adolescence?
Identity vs. role confusion
What are the two types of consequences of operant conditioning?
Rewards and punishments
What does the t-test compare in hypothesis testing?
Means between groups
When group harmony overrides realistic appraisal of alternatives, what phenomenon occurs?
Groupthink
Which personality disorder involves exaggerated self-importance and need for admiration?
Narcissistic personality disorder
What psychological principle involves reinforcing successive approximations toward a desired behavior?
Shaping