Definitions
the top predator in a system
apex predator
When did the Pleistocene event occur?
11,000 years ago
Why do some people not approve of moving modern species to Pleistocene re-wild North America?
They are not the same species as the ones that went extinct during the Pleistocene
What has caused most of the apex predator extinctions?
Humans
Loss of herbivores causes an increased risk of what in certain areas?
Wildfires
Conserving the apex predator specifically those that eat other animals
Carnivore conservation
Where would Pleistocene Re-wilding occur?
North America
What are people concerned about spreading once new megafauna are introduced?
Disease
This foreign individual becomes the apex predator of a system after being introduced
Invasive speices
What was the effect of predator loss on a wooded island?
"natural" deforestation
a food source for another speices
Prey species
Where would species for Pleistocene re-wilding come from?
Asia and Africa
what is the major economical limitation on introducing elephants and lions into uninhabited areas of the Great Plains where their ancestors once lived?
Fences
_______ has been considered the main role of apex predators for over a century
ecosystem shaping
The loss of phytoplankton in lakes turned them from being carbon ____ to carbon _____, leading to an impact on ______?
sinks; sources; the atmosphere
the impacts of consumers on their prey, influences that trickle down the food chain/tropic system is called, what?
trophic cascades
What species would be able to control the woody plants growing in the desert?
Camels
What is an impact that introducing new species could have on existing species regarding habitat/food?
unintentional competition, trophic cascade
What apex predator example given increased the nutrients in the soil and plant life once reintroduced
The wolves of Yellowstone
Why are certain species (like baboons) more likely to contribute to the spread of disease?
they form very large aggregations (troops), high contact with humans
loss of upper trophic position consumers
Trophic downgrading
The reintroduction of what species will promote grasslands in the Great Plains region if they were to be introduced
Elephant
what is the main habitat limitation that Donlan's Pleistocene re-wilding has faced?
The habitats are not the same as they were during the Pleistocene
Why can it be hard to see the impact of apex species loss?
Generation times and life spans can be long, the area can be too large to see immediate impacts.
Why do some introduced species cause soil nutrients to decrease?