Pick Your Poison
VECTORS!
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Expecting Trouble
Below the Belt
100
A 54 yo patient with iron-deficiency anemia is diagnosed with intestinal hookworm. Name one of the two common drugs used for treatment.
What is albendazole or mebendazole?
100
This mosquito genus transmits dengue, yellow fever, zika, and chikungunya.
What is Aedes?
100
These migrating, itchy skin lesions arise when animal hookworms enter human skin.
What are cutaneous larva migrans?
100
A 23-week pregnant patient has an ultrasound demonstrating severe microcephaly and other fetal brain abnormalities.
What is congenital Zika virus infection?
100
A 19 yo patient develops a painful genital ulcer with tender, sometimes suppurative inguinal nodes.
What is Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid)?
200
A 42 yo woman originally from Cambodia is hospitalized and started on high-dose corticosteroids. She develops abdominal pain, respiratory failure, and gram-negative bacteremia. Stool examination reveals Strongyloides stercoralis larvae. This antiparasitic medication is the first-line treatment for her potentially fatal hyperinfection syndrome.
What is ivermectin?
200
The tsetse fly transmits this potentially fatal protozoal infection in sub-Saharan Africa.
What is Trypanosoma brucei (African sleeping sickness)?
200
Chronic mosquito-borne nematode infection can cause this form of severe swelling.
What is lymphatic filariasis?
200
A pregnant woman develops a mild febrile illness after consuming undercooked meat. A subsequent fetal ultrasound reveals ventriculomegaly and intracranial calcifications. Following delivery, the neonate is diagnosed with chorioretinitis.
What is Toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis)?
200
A 27 yo patient presents with a painful, swollen unilateral inguinal lymph node that has become fluctuant. She recalls a small, painless genital ulcer several weeks earlier that resolved without treatment. Testing identifies Chlamydia trachomatis.
What is lymphogranuloma venereum?
300
A patient who regularly eats raw freshwater fish develops a liver fluke infection associated with cholangiocarcinoma. This drug is the standard treatment.
What is praziquantel?
300
Historically associated with the Oriental rat flea, this bacteria caused the Black Death.
What is Yersinia pestis (plague)?
300
This nematode is famous for migrating across the surface of the eye.
What is loa loa (loiasis)?
300
A 32-week pregnant woman living in a refugee camp develops fever, nausea, and jaundice several weeks after flooding contaminated the camp's drinking water. Her aminotransferases are markedly elevated, and she progresses to acute liver failure.
What is hepatitis E?
300
A 30 yo woman in Papua New Guinea presents with a slowly enlarging genital ulcer that has been present for two months. She denies pain, but reports frequent bleeding from the lesion. Examination reveals a beefy-red, friable ulcer without significant inguinal lymphadenopathy.
What is granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)?
400
A 29 yo pregnant woman in rural Uganda presents with three months of cough, night sweats, and weight loss. Her physician initiates the standard six-month treatment regimen, beginning with these four medications.
What are rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RIPE)?
400
This blood-feeding insect spreads Trypanosoma cruzi through infected feces deposited near the bite.
What is the reduviid (kissing) bug?
400
This near-eradicated parasitic infection is associated with drinking water containing infected copepods.
What is dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)?
400
A 26-week pregnant woman in rural Nepal develops fever, severe headache, and myalgias. Examination reveals a small, painless black eschar surrounded by erythema on her thigh. The infection, transmitted by larval mites known as chiggers, can cause maternal multiorgan failure, miscarriage, and stillbirth.
What is scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi)?
400
A woman living near Lake Malawi has postcoital bleeding and infertility. Colposcopy reveals characteristic yellowish sandy patches on the cervix.
What is female genital schistosomiasis?
500
A pregnant patient develops severe falciparum malaria with impaired consciousness. Which intravenous antimalarial is the preferred initial treatment?
What is artesunate?
500
The bite of an infected phlebotomine sandfly transmits this parasitic disease, which can cause skin ulcers or visceral infection.
What is leishmaniasis?
500
A 35-year-old agricultural worker from Sudan presents with years of progressive, painless swelling of the foot. Examination reveals multiple draining sinuses that discharge small black granules. This chronic, disfiguring infection can be caused by either fungi or filamentous bacteria.
What is mycetoma (Madura foot)?
500
This rodent-associated West African arenavirus can cause severe maternal illness and exceptionally high fetal loss during pregnancy.
What is Lassa fever?
500
A 24 yo woman in Southeast Asia presents with persistent purulent cervicitis despite appropriate antibiotic treatment. Culture identifies a gram-negative diplococcus with resistance to multiple antibiotics, including reduced susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins. The WHO has identified antimicrobial resistance in this sexually transmitted pathogen as an urgent global public health concern.
What is Neisseria gonorrhoeae?