Ending WWII
Which city was bombed first: Hiroshima or Nagasaki?
Hiroshima
Which Allied leader did Truman meet at Potsdam?
Joseph Stalin
On what date was Pearl Harbor attacked? D/M/Y
7 December 1941
What type of injury was most common among survivors of the atomic attacks?
Burns
How many zones was Germany divided into after WWII?
4
Approximately how many people were killed in Hiroshima by the end of 1945?
Around 140,000
What was Truman’s main concern about Soviet involvement in Japan?
Fear of Soviet influence/control in Asia
Approximately how many Americans died in the attack?
About 2,400
Roughly how many hospitals were still functioning in Hiroshima after the bombing?
About 5 out of 45
Name two proxy wars.
Korea and Vietnam.
What did Truman believe a land invasion of Japan would cost in American lives?
Around 1 million casualties
How did the atomic bomb strengthen the USA’s position after WWII?
Gave the USA clear military superiority and diplomatic leverage
How did Roosevelt describe Pearl Harbor?
A date which will live in infamy
What percentage of Hiroshima’s doctors and nurses were killed or injured?
c. 90%
What were the names of the two alliance systems during the Cold War? Identify which was headed by the USA and which by the USSR.
USA: NATO
USSR: Warsaw Pact
How did the Potsdam Declaration warn Japan before the bombs were used?
It warned Japan of “prompt and utter destruction” if it refused unconditional surrender
Which historian argued Truman used the bomb to intimidate the USSR and what was the key phrase he used to describe this factor?
Gar Alperovitz; 'Atomic Diplomacy'
How did Pearl Harbor impact the Manhattan Project?
Moved from theoretical to development stage.
How did the bombings affect Japan’s economy?
Industry destroyed, later rebuilt with US aid/ 'economic miracle'
Why did the USA reverse its demilitarisation policy in Japan after 1950?
The Korean War
How might WWII have ended differently if the atomic bomb had not been used?
Likely through invasion or Soviet involvement, with more casualties
How did the atomic bomb’s use contribute to the start of the Cold War?
Deepened mistrust, began nuclear arms race
To what extent did emotional or political factors from Pearl Harbor influence Truman?
Emotion played a part but strategy dominated
How did Japan’s defeat reshape its relationship with the USA?
Became close ally under US occupation
Why was the Berlin Wall built?
Too many people were defecting from East Germany to West Germany because they did not like living under communism. Most people escaped through Berlin.