History of the TB test
The two TB tests that are available today
What is TB skin test and IGRA
PPD stands for.
What is Purified Protein Derivative
The four colors of the Quantiferon Testing blood tubes.
What is Gray, Green, Yellow and Purple
Those with clinical conditions that increase the risk of progression to active TB disease.
What is TST
Form client fills out prior to receiving a TST or QFT
What is the Patient Tuberculosis Risk Assessment
In 1908 this person updated the TB test to include the use of a needle and syringe to inject the tuberculin.
Who is Charles Mantoux
Macrophages attach to the protein in the tuberculin and present it this type of white blood cell.
What is a t-cell.
Incubation period of specimens after draw.
Close contacts of persons known or suspected to have TB disease
What is IGRA
The system that is used to document all TSTs.
What is the WyIR Wyoming Immunization Registry
In the 1930s this person developed the process to create a purified protein derivative of tuberculin for the TB skin test.
Who is Florence Seibert
The chemical messages that are released by a t-cell when it recognizes an exposure to TB.
What is chemokines.
Amount of time after incubation, that blood tubes should be centrifuged at 3500 RPM.
What is 20 minutes.
Persons who work or reside in facilities or congregational settings with people who are high-risk for TB.
What is TST.
Number of hours a TST should be read after placement.
What is 48-72 hours.
In 1907 Clemens von Pirquet developed this.
What is the skin test
When numerous macrophages and t-cells attack the area where the tuberculin was injected resulting in an indurated area.
What is a hypersensitivity reaction or positive reaction
Time frame for receipt of specimens at WPHL after being centrifuged.
What is 7-10 days
Persons who have immigrated from TB endemic regions of the world.
IGRA
A reaction is measured using this unit of length.
What is millimeter.
In 1890 this person developed tuberculin as a cure
Who is Robert Koch
The Peptide antigens used in QFT stimulate this response in T cells from individuals infected with M. tuberculosis, but generally not from uninfected or BCG-vaccinated persons without disease or risk for LTBI.
What is the cytokine IFN-y.
What is 3 days after incubation.
A control strategy that is used to identify people who have LTBI, are at high risk for developing TB disease, and would benefit from treatment.
What is targeted testing.
People with no known risk factors for TB with an induration of 15 or more millimeters.
What is positive.