Exploration
Last year, I ___ (travel) to Japan to plan a documentary about urban exploration.
traveled
Simple Past — Use it to talk about a finished trip or event in the past.
Use “can” to describe a superhero ability.
She can fly through walls using telekinesis.
Modals (can) — Shows ability or possibility.
Complete the sentence: "___ (Create) art helps people express feelings."
Creating
Dolphins ____ using clicks and whistles.
communicate
Simple Present - Use to describe animal behavior and facts.
Elon Musk ___ (launch) his first company at a young age.
launched
Write a sentence using "exploring" as a subject.
Exploring deep-sea caves can be dangerous but exciting.
Gerund as Subject — Helps describe actions or hobbies in a general way.
Complete: "He had ___ finished building the suit when it exploded."
a) hardly b) always c) completely
a) hardly
Hardly/Scarcely Adverbs — Emphasizes how little or rarely something happened.
Reported speech: He said, "I built a new world in my book." → ?
He said he had built a new world in his book.
Shift past tense back one step to show reported time.
"___ has ever seen a snow leopard in this area."
a) Someone b) Nobody c) Anybody
Nobody
Correct the sentence: "She developed new kind of milk from peas."
a new kind
Articles (a/an) — Needed before countable singular nouns.
Choose the best option: "There isn't ___ interesting in this deserted urban area."
a) anything b) something c) nobody
a) anything Indefinite Pronouns — Used to refer to people or things without being specific.
Which is correct?
a) I have ever flown.
b) I have never flown.
b) I have never flown.
Used with "ever/never" to talk about life experience.
"She’s ___ artist who invented an entire visual language."
an
General
"an" before vowel sounds. Specific.
"___ (Study) animal behavior requires patience."
Studying
"I ___ (never try) lab-grown meat, but I ___ (eat) tofu yesterday."
have never tried / ate
"If I ___ (be) an astronaut, I ___ (explore) Jupiter’s moons."
were / would explore
2nd Conditional — Used to talk about imaginary situations in the future.
Write a sentence: If I ___ (have) superpowers, I ___ (stop) crime in my city.
had / would stop
2nd Conditional — Practice imagining hypothetical superhero powers.
Complete: If someone ___ (have) synesthesia, they often ___ (see) colors when hearing music.
has / see
1st Conditional (real) — Use it to show what regularly happens in real situations.
Reported speech: The zookeeper said, "The monkeys are not playing today." → ?
The zookeeper said the monkeys were not playing that day.
"Startups ___ (create) several new meat alternatives in the past five years."
have created
Present Perfect
Used to describe recent innovations that have an impact on the present.
Change the following to reported speech:
She said, "I’m planning a trip to Mars next year."
She said she was planning a trip to Mars the following year.
Correct the sentence: "He became a superhero without having the plan."
...a plan.
Specific!
Create a sentence about a fictional inventor who refused to copy others.
Use SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (NEGATIVE)
Example: He chose not to imitate any existing technology.
"If lions ___ (not be) territorial, they ___ (not fight) over land."
weren’t / wouldn’t fight
2nd Conditional — Imagines a change in animal behavior.
She said, "If I had more funding, I would expand to Europe." → ?
he said that if she had more funding, she would expand to Europe.
Reported Speech + Conditional
Since the idea is unreal and not a regret about a missed opportunity, we don't backshift the verb tense to maintain the 2nd Conditional