Pathophysiology
Risk Factors
Signs and Symptoms
Nursing Interventions
Diagnosing Criteria
100
The _____ organ produces the hormone insulin
What is pancreas
100
Having a parent or sibling with type 2 diabetes is what type of risk factor?
What is non-modifiable
100
High osmolarity stimulates thirst to increase as well as pull fluid into the vasculature to try and maintain osmotic equilibrium
What is Polyuria Polydipsia (frequent urination, increased thirsty)
100
A client with type 2 diabetes has an above-knee amputation because of severe peripheral vascular disease, Two days following surgery, when preparing the client for dinner, it is the nurse’s primary responsibility to:
What is Check Serum Glucose
100
Which test allows a RAPID measurement of glucose in whole blood?
What is Capillary blood glucose test.
200
Diabetes is a disease in which ____ levels become higher than normal in the blood stream.
What is glucose
200
At what age increases the risk of type 2 diabetes?
What is 45 years and older
200
With out the ability to metabolize glucose, the liver begins to breakdown fats and proteins for energy, this poor use of energy also causes?
what is fatigue
200
A client with type 2 diabetes has a finger stick glucose level of 258mg/dl at bedtime. An order for sliding scale insulin exists. The nurse should:
What is Administer the insulin as ordered.
200
The nurse working in the physician's office is reviewing lab results on the clients seen that day. One of the clients who has classic diabetic symptoms had an eight-hour fasting plasma glucose test done. The nurse realizes that diagnostic criteria developed by the American Diabetes Association for diabetes include classic diabetic symptoms plus what fasting plasma glucose level?
What is Higher than 160 mg/dl
300
A patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse what ""type 2"" means in relation to diabetes. The nurse explains to the patient that type 2 diabetes differs from type 1 diabetes primarily in that with type 2 diabetes
What is the pancreas produces insulin, but the insulin is insufficient for the body's needs or the cells do not respond to the insulin appropriately.
300
What are 2 modifiable risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes?
What is obesity and inactivity
300
Increased blood sugar can cause fluid to be pulled from the lenses of the eyes to try and maintain osmotic equilibrium causing?
what is sudden vision changes and a decrease in ability to focus
300
A client with type 2 diabetes demonstrates acute anxiety when first admitted for the treatment of hyperglycemia. The most appropriate intervention to decrease the client’s anxiety would be to:
What is Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the client Explanation: The most appropriate intervention is to address the client’s feelings related to the anxiety. Administering a sedative is not the most appropriate intervention. The nurse should not ignore the client’s anxious feelings. A client will not relate to medical terms, particularly when anxiety exists.
300
A nurse should recognize which symptom as a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
What is Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss are cardinal signs of DM. Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss are cardinal signs of DM. Other signs include irritability, shortened attention span, lowered frustration tolerance, fatigue, dry skin, blurred vision, sores that are slow to heal, and flushed skin.
400
The increase in insulin is able to keep up with excess sugars for several years, but eventually wears out causing?
What is beta-cell dysfunction
400
Developing gestational Diabetes is what type of risk factor?
What is non-modifiable
400
Glucose is a media for bacterial growth and can cause?
What is slow-healing and frequent infections
400
A client with type 2 diabetes complains of nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis and headache. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse carry out first?
What is Test the client’s blood glucose level.
400
When teaching a newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic client about diet and exercise, it's important to include which directive?
What is caloric goals, food consistency, and physical activity Diabetic clients must be taught the relationship among caloric goals, consistency of food composition, and physical activity. Fiber lax and bluk forming agents are treatments for constipation management of fluids, proteins, and electorlytes is important for client wit hacute renal failure diabetic client may need to intake additional calories before exercising
500
Insulin resistance is caused by _______which leads to a decrease in insulin receptor density
What is hyperinsulinemia
500
What racial or ethnic groups are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
What is Americans, African Americans and Hispanics
500
Glycosylation of protein and collage causes vascular ischemia in peripheral capillaries which lead to destruction of nerve endings causing symptoms of?
Tingling, numbness, and decreased sensations in extremities
500
A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with type 2 diabetes who has hyperglycemia. The priority nursing diagnosis would be:
What is High risk for deficient fluid volume. Explanation: Increased blood glucose will cause the kidneys to excrete the glucose on the urine. This glucose is accompanied by fluids and electrolytes, causing osmotic diuresis leading to dehydration. This fluid loss must be replaced when it becomes severe.
500
Which of the following persons would most likely be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? A 44-year-old.. Caucasian Woman Asian Woman African-American woman Hispanic Male
What is African-American woman Rationale: Age-specific prevalence of diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) is higher for African-Americans and Hispanics than for Caucasians. Among those younger than 75, black women had the highest incidence."
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