WHAT IS IT?
When someone is a Type II Diabetic what has happened to their cells?
The cells have become insulin resistant
Being older than what age will increase your risk for Type 2 DM?
> 45 years old
What levels do a patients fasting plasma glucose need to be in order to be diagnosed as a Type 2 Diabetic?
Fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL
What education method is effective during a home visit for an individual with DM Type 2?
Teach-Back Method
If you are a nurse providing education for a pre-diabetic patient, what topics will you cover with your patient?
Provide education relating to prevention: diet, exercise, smoking cessation, weight loss, etc
What do most cells in the body require to transport glucose into cells for energy?
Insulin
Does family history of DM Type 2 put someone at higher risk for developing this condition?
Yes, a close family member with DM2 does increase risk
What percentage do an individuals hemoglobin A1C levels need to be at to be diagnosed with DM Type 2?
A1C greater than or equal to 6.5%
How should a nurse performing a home visit for a diabetic patient determine what type of education to give to that patient?
Ask patient questions about Diabetes management to learn where you need to direct patient education
Education should not only be provided to patient but it should also be provided to who?
The patient's family/care takers
Despite insulin resistance, what does the pancreas continue to do? What does this do to blood glucose levels?
Pancreas continues to produce insulin despite resistance and blood glucose levels continue to increase
If someone is at risk for Type 2 DM due to limited physically activity, how many times a week are they exercising?
Less than 3X per week
If a patient performs an oral glucose tolerance test and you determine they are a type 2 diabetic after taking a two hour fasting plasma glucose, what would you expect their serum glucose levels to be greater than?
plasma glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL
When performing a motivational interview for a diabetic patient it is important to ask what type of questions?
Open ended questions
Provide an example of a system-specific professional that the nurse could refer for type 2 diabetic patient
opthamologist,
What signals the pancreas to secrete insulin?
When food is broken down, glucose enters the bloodstream and signals the pancreas to produce insulin
How much does a baby have to weigh at birth to put the mother at higher risk for developing DM Type 2?
a baby weighing more than 9 pounds
A combination of these two diagnostic criteria indicates that a patient has DM Type 2?
Classic diabetes symptoms AND random plasma glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL
During a home visit, how can a nurse develop a stronger relationship with the patient that will promote implementation of education you provide?
asking the patient positively directed questions while you are performing your home visit
If you are providing care to a Type 2 DM patient with poor symptom management, what are some complications you will explain about the later stages of the disease?
If disease progresses into later stages, explain the process/symptoms/treatment of neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, poor circulation, risk of falling, poor wound healing, etc.
When we have too much of this/or don't burn enough of this our cells will become resistant to what?
Fat, Insulin
What races have a higher risk for developing DM Type 2?
African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, or Alaskan Native descent
What does A1C test measure?
glycated hemoglobin over the 120 day life of a red blood cell
What does the OARS acronym stand for in motivational interviewing?
open ended questions, providing affirmations to the patient, demonstrating reflective listening, and providing summary statements
List 3 technologies that are used to enhance treatment of Type 2 DM?
Blood panels/lab results, glucometers, insulin pumps