Logos
A type of term that you would look for to identify a logos appeal.
What is facts, definitions, or statistics?
Pathos helps the audience connect or reason with the writer's argument.
What is connect?
Ethos tries to appeal with emotion or credibility.
What is credibility?
Kairos tries to the appeal with logic or time
What is time?
The appeal that attempts to persuade by appealing to authority or credibility.
What is Ethos?
Logos relates to “the _____ and ____ of an argument as well as the logic of evidence and reasons.”
What is Consistency and Clarity?
Argument by Dismissal: Rejecting an idea without providing a ______or ___________ for its dismissal
What is reason or explanation?
“Attacking the ______ instead of the argument.”
What is person?
Red Herring: “Introducing irrelevant _____ or ______ to detract from the actual argument.”
What is facts or claims?
An appeal that evokes an emotional response from a reader by appealing to empathy, fear, humor, or some other emotion.
What is Pathos?
To intentionally misrepresent your opponent’s position by over-exaggerating or offering a caricature of his or her argument is a type of Fallacious Logos.
What is Straw Man?
Rejecting an idea without providing a reason or explanation.
What is dismissal?
Using a statement taken out of context as authoritative support.
What is Appeal to Authority?
When a political candidate claims that, if action is not taken right now, the nation risks ruin, he or she is identifying him or herself as an expert on both the nature of the problem as well as the timing.
What is Argument from Authority?
This appeal is important because it appeals to your readers’ intellect, It makes your readers feel smart, and is the part of the argument where you treat your audience like purely rational people.
What is Logos?
Identify the word that identifies this text is logos. "The average global temperature has increased by 1.2 degrees Celsius over the past century, according to data collected by reputable scientific organizations."
What is "data?"
Identify a word that identifies this text is pathos. "We must take immediate action to address climate change because future generations deserve a world that is healthy, safe, and sustainable. Imagine a world where our children and grandchildren struggle to breathe clean air, where natural disasters become more frequent and devastating, and where entire ecosystems collapse."
What is "we" or "imagine" or "our"
Identify a word that identifies this text is ethos. "As a seasoned pediatrician with over three decades of experience, I can attest to the importance of vaccinating children against preventable diseases. Throughout my career, I have witnessed firsthand the devastating effects of outbreaks that could have been prevented through vaccination. My commitment to the health and well-being of children is unwavering, and I urge parents to trust the overwhelming consensus among medical professional and scientific research supporting the safety and effacy of vaccines."
What is "seasoned" or "firsthand"
Identify the best phrase that identifies this text is kairos. "As we stand at the precipice of a new decade, the window of opportunity to enact meaningful change in our environmental policies has never been more apparent. With advancements in renewable energy technology, growing public awareness of environmental issues, and shifting political landscapes, the time is ripe for bold action. Ignoring this moment would be a disservice to future generations and a missed opportunity to steer our planet towards a more sustainable future. Let us seize this critical juncture in history to enact, policies that will safeguard our environment for generations to come."
What is "the time is ripe?"
This appeal makes use of the particular moment attempting to capture in words what will be immediately applicable, appropriate, and engaging for a particular audience.
What is Kairos?
Identify the word that identifies this text is logos. "Implementing universal healthcare is the next step towards improving the overall health and well-being of society. Statistics show that countries with universal healthcare systems have lower mortality rates, higher life expectancies, and better health outcomes across various demographics. By ensuring access to preventive care, early diagnosis, and affordable treatments for all citizens, we not only alleviate the financial burden of healthcare but also foster a healthier population, leading to increased productivity and economic stability in the long run."
What is "statistics?"
Identify a phrase that identifies this text is pathos. "in recent years, we've witnessed devastating wildfires ravaging communities, hurricane intensifying with unprecedented ferocity, and glaciers melting at alarming rates. These harrowing events serve as stark reminders of the urgent need to address climate change. Families displaced from their homes, livelihoods destroyed, and ecosystems on the brink of collapse.
What is "devastating wildfires ravaging communities" or families displaced from their homes?"
Identify three words that identifies this text is ethos. "As a renowned climatologist with over three decades of experience studying atmospheric patterns and climate trends, i have personally analyzed the data collected by numerous scientific organizations. My expertise in this field allows me to confidently assert that the observed increase in global temperatures is undeniably linked to human-induced greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, my dedication to scientific integrity and the pursuit of truth compels me to advocate for urgent action to address climate change."
What is "renowned", "personally", and "expertise"
Identify three words that identifies this text is kairos. "In the wake of recent natural disasters and escalating climate-related crises, there has never been a more pressing moment for governments and individuals to prioritize sustainable practices and invest in renewable energy solutions. The urgency of this situation demands immediate action to mitigate the devastating impacts of climate change and safeguard the future of our planet for generations to come. We must seize this critical moment to transition towards a more sustainable and resilient future, before it’s too late to reverse the damage already done."
What is "urgency", "pressing?", and "prioritize"
Name the 4 appeals in order that correlate to the definitions:
"an overview of several false appeals to logic, including the false dilemma, which assumes that there are only two options when there are more"
"points out that using emotional words that evidence does not support leads to the argument by emotive language fallacy"
"unfairly build up the credibility of the author or unfairly attack the credibility of the author's opponent."
"Introducing irrelevant facts or claims to detract from the actual argument."
What is fallacious logos, fallacious pathos, fallacious ethos, and fallacious kairos?