Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction occurs when one parent creates a genetically exact copy of itself known as a ______.
What is clone?
Sexual reproduction occurs when two parents mix genes to produce genetically ______ offspring.
What is diverse?
What is Punnett square?
Each square in a monohybrid Punnett square cross is worth _____%.
What is 25%?
Offspring created through asexual reproduction are genetically ___________.
What is identical?
What are gametes?
In a Punnett square, the letters on the top and to the left of the boxes represent ______.
What are parent alleles?
An organism's unique genetic makeup; the genetic "code" for a trait
What is genotype?
If all four of the offspring in a Punnett square have heterozygous genotypes, what percentage of the offspring will express a recessive trait?
What is 0%?
Name one method of asexual reproduction.
What is budding, fission, vegetative propagation, spores, or parthenogenesis?
In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes only contain ____ the amount of chromosomes or genetic material necessary to produce an organism.
What is half (1/2)?
1. Alleles that are the same. Example: AA, tt
2. Alleles that are different. Example: Aa, Tt
1. What is homozygous?
2. What is heterozygous?
The representation of genes based on what is seen; physical traits.
What is phenotype?
What is asexually?
Give one disadvantage of asexual reproduction.
What is:
no genetic variation
all bad traits are passed on
difficult for organisms to adapt to environment
Offspring produced by sexual reproduction demonstrate this important concept for survival. This is why siblings are not identical copies of their parents, or each other.
What is genetic variation?
Recessive genes are only expressed when ___ ______ ______ are present, while dominant genes are expressed if at least __ ______ _____ is present.
What is 2 recessive alleles, 1 dominant allele?
OR
What is 2 lowercase letters, 1 uppercase/capital letter?
A _____ gene is always expressed when present. This type of gene "wins" out over a ______ gene.
What is dominant, recessive?
If a sexually reproducing organism has 54 chromosomes in its body cells, how many chromosomes did it inherit from each parent?
What is 27?
Give two advantages of asexual reproduction.
What is:
only 1 parent is needed
occurs simply
produces more offspring quickly
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of sexual reproduction.
Advantages: organisms are able to adapt, not all bad genes are passed on, high genetic variation
Disadvantages: smaller population is produced, requires courtship and mating, can be complicated
A homozygous dominant parent rose is crossed with a heterozygous parent rose to determine stem length. Long stems are dominant (L) and short stems are recessive (l). The possible genotypes of the offspring are _________.
What are LL, Ll?
During ______, a male and female gamete fuse together to form a _______, which is a fertilized egg.
What is fertilization, zygote?
In a dihybrid cross, the Punnett square will have _____ boxes. This is because 2 different traits are being compared. Example: the potential offspring of two wolves will be observed for fur color AND height.
What is 16?