Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Which type of rock?
Fossils
100
What does all igneous rock form from?

Lava or Magma

100
What is the first step in the formation of sedimentary rock?
layers of sediment build up
100
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
heat or pressure change existing rock to a new type of rock
100
What type of rock forms when melted rock cools and hardens?
igneous rock
100
What type of rock often contains fossils?
sedimentary rock
200

How does magma become igneous rock?

Cools and hardens.

200
What happens to older layers of rock as newer layers settle on top of them?
the older layers are squeezed together and harden
200
Are marble, slate, and quartzite types of metamorphic rocks?
yes
200
What type of rock forms when existing rock is changed by heat or pressure?
metamorphic rock
200

How are fossils formed?

When a plant or animals dies and is burried under mud and silt.  Soft tissue decomposes, leaving bones behind.  Sediment builds up on top and hardens into rock.

300

What is the name for igneous rock that forms deep within a volcano?

Intrusive

300
What holds the sediment together as sedimentary rock forms?
minerals between the sediments
300
If sandstone melts and then hardens, does it become a metamorphic rock?
yes
300
What type of rock forms when small pieces of rock and other materials settle on top of each other and become squeezed together?
sedimentary rock
300

What kind of tools are used to uncover fossils?

a pick with a sharp point to dig out the fossil and a brush to push away the dirt

400

What is magma called when it flows onto Earth's surface?

lava

400
Describe how sedimentary rock is made.
Sand is buried. The lower layers are squeezed by the weight of the material above. Minerals are deposited among the grains of sand, cementing them together and forming rock.
400
What two things can cause a metamorphic rock to form?
heat or pressure
400
Sandstone is a type of rock with layers, what type of rock is it?
sedimentary
400
If there are three layers of rock and there are fossils in the bottom and the top layer, which fossils are older?
the fossils in the bottom layer
500

Do intrusive or extrusive rocks have bigger crystals?

Extrusive

500
What is sediment?
particles of matter made up of tiny rock pieces and other material
500
What are three examples of metamorphic rocks?
marble, slate, and quartzite
500
Which type of rock can form quickly on Earth's surface or slowly underneath Earth's surface?
igneous rock
500
If you find a shell fossil, what can you infer about that area?
it was covered by water long ago
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