concept
preload
Preload, measures the degree of the ventricular stretch when the heart is at the end of diastole. It is the amount of blood that returns to the heart from veins ( vein return )
cardiac output
4 to 6 L/min
shock
A life-threatening condition, characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion
afterload
It is the resistance against which the ventricles contract.
MAP
70-110 mmhg
Anaphylactic shock
Acute syndrome. Due to sudden release of mast cell- and basophil-derived mediators into the circulation
SVR
It refers to the resistance to blood flow offered by all the blood vessels in the systemic circulation (excluding the pulmonary circulation)
SV
60-90 cc
cardiogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock is a life-threatening condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs
Cardiac output
Cardiac output (liters/minute, cc/min): amount of blood ejected from the ventricle in a minute.
heart rate
60-100 beats/min
5 causes of cardiogenic shock
myocarditis/ endocrditis/ Heart attack/ valvular dysfunction/ heart failure
stroke volume
Stroke Volume = mL/beat; amount of blood ejected from ventricle in one beat
CVP
2-6 mmhg
stages
Initiation/ Compensatory stage/ Progressive stage/ Refractory stage.