Nociceptive Non-pharmacological
applying heat pads or cold packs to help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain
What is Heat and Cold Therapy?
Prescription medications like morphine, oxycodone, and hydrocodone are used for severe acute pain. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, altering the perception of pain.
What are Opioids?
Injection of local anesthetics or steroids near specific nerves to block pain signals
What are Nerve Blocks?
therapy sessions with individuals experiencing similar psychosomatic pain can provide emotional support, validation, and a sense of belonging, which can be beneficial for coping with pain
What are Support Groups?
includes exercises, stretching, and manipulation to improve mobility and reduce pain
What is Physical Therapy?
relieves pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the brain
What is Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?
Medications like gabapentin and pregabalin are commonly used to treat neuropathic pain by stabilizing abnormal electrical activity in the nervous system
What are Anticonvulsants?
may be prescribed to manage associated symptoms such as anxiety or depression. Antidepressants or anxiolytics may be prescribed in conjunction with psychotherapy
What is medication?
Manual manipulation of soft tissues can help relieve muscle tension and reduce pain perception
What is Massage Therapy?
Creams, gels, or patches containing ingredients like lidocaine or capsaicin can be applied directly to the affected area to provide localized pain relief.
What are Topical Analgesics?
In cases where neuropathic pain is caused by compression of nerves (e.g., in spinal stenosis or nerve entrapment syndromes), this procedure relieves pressure on the affected nerves
What is Decompression Surgery?
approach to help individuals identify and challenge negative thought patterns and beliefs about pain, develop coping skills to manage stress and anxiety, and learn relaxation techniques to reduce physical tension associated with pain
What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy?
Involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to alleviate pain
What is Acupuncture?
Examples include ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. They reduce inflammation and relieve pain by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins.
What are Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)?
Involves implanting electrodes along the spinal cord and delivering electrical impulses to interfere with pain signals
What is Spinal cord stimulation (SCS)?
incorporates meditation, yoga, and mindfulness techniques to increase awareness of the present moment and promote relaxation. It can help individuals with psychosomatic pain develop a non-judgmental attitude toward their pain, reduce emotional reactivity, and improve overall well-being.
What is Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)?
This therapy involves the use of low-voltage electrical currents to disrupt pain signals
What is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)?
anti-inflammatory medications can be administered orally, topically, or via injection to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain in specific conditions
What are Corticosteroids?
Involves the implantation of a pump that delivers medication directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, allowing for targeted pain relief with lower doses of medication
What is Intrathecal drug delivery?
Techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation, deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, and biofeedback can help reduce muscle tension, alleviate stress, and promote relaxation
What are relaxation techniques?